标题：[经典演讲]

美国总统小布什的就职演说2001

George W. Bush’s Inaugural Address

乔治-W-布什就任第43任美国总统的演讲 January 20, 2001

英汉对照

Following one of the most controversial presidential elections in United States history, newly elected president George W. Bush gave the following inaugural address on January 20, 2001, in Washington, D.C. After thanking his opponent in the election, Democratic vice president Al Gore, “for a contest conducted with spirit and ended with grace,” the Republican Bush went on to echo many of the themes of his campaign, including his philosophy of “compassionate conservatism.(温情保守主义)”

President Clinton, distinguished guests, and my fellow citizens, the peaceful transfer of authority is rare in history, yet common in our country. With a simple oath, we affirm old traditions and make new beginnings.

As I begin, I thank President Clinton for his service to our nation.

And I thank Vice President Gore for a contest conducted with spirit and ended with grace.

I am honored and humbled to stand here, where so many of America's leaders have come before me, and so many will follow.

We have a place, all of us, in a long story—a story we continue, but whose end we will not see. It is the story of a new world that became a friend and liberator of the old, a story of a slave-holding society that became a servant of freedom, the story of a power that went into the world to protect but not possess, to defend but not to conquer.

It is the American story—a story of flawed and fallible people, united across the generations by grand and enduring ideals.

The grandest of these ideals is an unfolding American promise that everyone belongs, that everyone deserves a chance, that no insignificant person was ever born.

Americans are called to enact this promise in our lives and in our laws. And though our nation has sometimes halted, and sometimes delayed, we must follow no other course.

Through much of the last century, America's faith in freedom and democracy was a rock in a raging sea. Now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.

Our democratic faith is more than the creed of our country, it is the inborn hope of our humanity, an ideal we carry but do not own, a trust we bear and pass along. And even after nearly 225 years, we have a long way yet to travel.

While many of our citizens prosper, others doubt the promise, even the justice, of our own country. The ambitions of some Americans are limited by failing schools and hidden prejudice and the circumstances of their birth. And sometimes our differences run so deep, it seems we share a continent, but not a country.

We do not accept this, and we will not allow it. Our unity, our union, is the serious work of leaders and citizens in every generation. And this is my solemn pledge: I will work to build a single nation of justice and opportunity.

I know this is in our reach because we are guided by a power larger than ourselves who creates us equal in His image.

And we are confident in principles that unite and lead us onward.

America has never been united by blood or birth or soil. We are bound by ideals that move us beyond our backgrounds, lift us above our interests and teach us what it means to be citizens. Every child must be taught these principles. Every citizen must uphold them. And every immigrant, by embracing these ideals, makes our country more, not less, American.

Today we affirm a new commitment to live out our nation's promise through civility, courage, compassion, and character.

America, at its best, matches a commitment to principle with a concern for civility. A civil society demands from each of us good will and respect, fair dealing and forgiveness.

Some seem to believe that our politics can afford to be petty because, in a time of peace, the stakes of our debates appear small.

But the stakes for America are never small. If our country does not lead the cause of freedom, it will not be led. If we do not turn the hearts of children toward knowledge and character, we will lose their gifts and undermine their idealism. If we permit our economy to drift and decline, the vulnerable will suffer most.

We must live up to the calling we share. Civility is not a tactic or a sentiment. It is the determined choice of trust over cynicism, of community over chaos. And this commitment, if we keep it, is a way to shared accomplishment.

America, at its best, is also courageous.

Our national courage has been clear in times of depression and war, when defending common dangers defined our common good. Now we must choose if the example of our fathers and mothers will inspire us or condemn us. We must show courage in a time of blessing by confronting problems instead of passing them on to future generations.

Together, we will reclaim America's schools, before ignorance and apathy claim more young lives.

We will reform Social Security and Medicare, sparing our children from struggles we have the power to prevent. And we will reduce taxes, to recover the momentum of our economy and reward the effort and enterprise of working Americans.

We will build our defenses beyond challenge, lest weakness invite challenge.

We will confront weapons of mass destruction, so that a new century is spared new horrors.

The enemies of liberty and our country should make no mistake: America remains engaged in the world by history and by choice, shaping a balance of power that favors freedom. We will defend our allies and our interests. We will show purpose without arrogance. We will meet aggression and bad faith with resolve and strength. And to all nations, we will speak for the values that gave our nation birth.

America, at its best, is compassionate. In the quiet of American conscience, we know that deep, persistent poverty is unworthy of our nation's promise.

And whatever our views of its cause, we can agree that children at risk are not at fault. Abandonment and abuse are not acts of God, they are failures of love.

And the proliferation of prisons, however necessary, is no substitute for hope and order in our souls.

Where there is suffering, there is duty. Americans in need are not strangers, they are citizens; not problems, but priorities. And all of us are diminished when any are hopeless.

Government has great responsibilities for public safety and public health, for civil rights and common schools. Yet compassion is the work of a nation, not just a government.

And some needs and hurts are so deep they will only respond to a mentor's touch or a pastor's prayer. Church and charity, synagogue and mosque lend our communities their humanity, and they will have an honored place in our plans and in our laws.

Many in our country do not know the pain of poverty, but we can listen to those who do.

And I can pledge our nation to a goal: When we see that wounded traveler on the road to Jericho, we will not pass to the other side.

America, at its best, is a place where personal responsibility is valued and expected.

Encouraging responsibility is not a search for scapegoats, it is a call to conscience. And though it requires sacrifice, it brings a deeper fulfillment. We find the fullness of life not only in options, but in commitments. And we find that children and community are the commitments that set us free.

Our public interest depends on private character, on civic duty and family bonds and basic fairness, on uncounted, unhonored acts of decency which give direction to our freedom.

Sometimes in life we are called to do great things. But as a saint of our times has said, every day we are called to do small things with great love. The most important tasks of a democracy are done by everyone.

I will live and lead by these principles: to advance my convictions with civility, to pursue the public interest with courage, to speak for greater justice and compassion, to call for responsibility and try to live it as well.

In all these ways, I will bring the values of our history to the care of our times.

What you do is as important as anything government does. I ask you to seek a common good beyond your comfort; to defend needed reforms against easy attacks; to serve your nation, beginning with your neighbor. I ask you to be citizens: citizens, not spectators; citizens, not subjects; responsible citizens, building communities of service and a nation of character.

Americans are generous and strong and decent, not because we believe in ourselves, but because we hold beliefs beyond ourselves. When this spirit of citizenship is missing, no government program can replace it. When this spirit is present, no wrong can stand against it.

After the Declaration of Independence was signed, Virginia statesman John Page wrote to Thomas Jefferson: “We know the race is not to the swift nor the battle to the strong. Do you not think an angel rides in the whirlwind and directs this storm?”

Much time has passed since Jefferson arrived for his inauguration. The years and changes accumulate. But the themes of this day he would know: our nation's grand story of courage and its simple dream of dignity.

We are not this story's author, who fills time and eternity with his purpose. Yet his purpose is achieved in our duty, and our duty is fulfilled in service to one another.

Never tiring, never yielding, never finishing, we renew that purpose today, to make our country more just and generous, to affirm the dignity of our lives and every life.

This work continues. This story goes on. And an angel still rides in the whirlwind and directs this storm.

God bless you all, and God bless America.

美国总统小布什的就职演说2001

尊敬的芮恩奎斯特大法官，卡特总统，布什总统，克林顿总统， 尊敬的来宾们，我的同胞们，

　　这次权利的和平过渡在历史上是罕见的，但在美国是平常的。 我们以朴素的宣誓庄严地维护了古老的传统，同时开始了新的历程。 首先，我要感谢克林顿总统为这个国家作出的贡献，也感谢副总统 戈尔在竞选过程中的热情与风度。

　　站在这里，我很荣幸，也有点受宠若惊。在我之前，许多美国 领导人从这里起步；在我之后，也会有许多领导人从这里继续前进。

　　在美国悠久的历史中，我们每个人都有自己的位置；我们还在 继续推动着历史前进，但是我们不可能看到它的尽头。这是一部新世界的发展史，是一部后浪推前浪的历史。这是一部美国由奴隶制社会发展成为崇尚自由的社会的历史。这是一个强国保护而不是占有世界的历史，是捍卫而不是征服世界的历史。这就是美国史。它不是一部十全十美的民族发展史，但它是一部在伟大和永恒理想指导下几代人团结奋斗的历史。

　　这些理想中最伟大的是正在慢慢实现的美国的承诺，这就是：每个人都有自身的价值，每个人都有成功的机会，每个人天生都会有所作为的。美国人民肩负着一种使命，那就是要竭力将这个诺言变成生活中和法律上的现实。虽然我们的国家过去在追求实现这个承诺的途中停滞不前甚至倒退，但我们仍将坚定不移地完成这一使命。

　　在上个世纪的大部分时间里，美国自由民主的信念犹如汹涌大海中的岩石。现在它更像风中的种子，把自由带给每个民族。在我们的国家，民主不仅仅是一种信念，而是全人类的希望。民主，我们不会独占，而会竭力让大家分享。民主，我们将铭记于心并且不断传播。225年过去了，我们仍有很长的路要走。

　　有很多公民取得了成功，但也有人开始怀疑，怀疑我们自己的国家所许下的诺言，甚至怀疑它的公正。失败的教育，潜在的偏见和出身的环境限制了一些美国人的雄心。有时，我们的分歧是如此之深，似乎我们虽身处同一个大陆，但不属于同一个国家。我们不能接受这种分歧，也无法容许它的存在。我们的团结和统一，是每一代领导人和每一个公民的严肃使命。在此，我郑重宣誓：我将竭力建设一个公正、充满机会的统一国家。我知道这是我们的目标，因为上帝按自己的身形创造了我们，上帝高于一切的力量将引导我们前进。

　　对这些将我们团结起来并指引我们向前的原则，我们充满信心。血缘、出身或地域从未将美国联合起来。只有理想，才能使我们心系一处，超越自己，放弃个人利益，并逐步领会何谓公民。每个孩子都必须学习这些原则。每个公民都必须坚持这些原则。每个移民，只有接受这些原则，才能使我们的国家不丧失而更具美国特色。

　　

今天，我们在这里重申一个新的信念，即通过发扬谦恭、勇气、同情心和个性的精神来实现我们国家的理想。美国在它最鼎盛时也没忘记遵循谦逊有礼的原则。一个文明的社会需要我们每个人品质优良，尊重他人，为人公平和宽宏大量。

　　有人认为我们的政治制度是如此的微不足道，因为在和平年代，我们所争论的话题都是无关紧要的。但是，对我们美国来说，我们所讨论的问题从来都不是什么小事。如果我们不领导和平事业，那么和平将无人来领导；如果我们不引导我们的孩子们真心地热爱知识、发挥个性，他们的天分将得不到发挥，理想将难以实现。如果我们不采取适当措施，任凭经济衰退，最大的受害者将是平民百姓。

　　我们应该时刻听取时代的呼唤。谦逊有礼不是战术也不是感情用事。这是我们最坚定的选择--在批评声中赢得信任；在混乱中寻求统一。如果遵循这样的承诺，我们将会享有共同的成就。

　　美国有强大的国力作后盾，将会勇往直前。

　　在大萧条和战争时期，我们的人民在困难面前表现得无比英勇，克服我们共同的困难体现了我们共同的优秀品质。现在，我们正面临着选择，如果我们作出正确的选择，祖辈一定会激励我们；如果我们的选择是错误的，祖辈会谴责我们的。上帝正眷顾着这个国家，我们必须显示出我们的勇气，敢于面对问题，而不是将它们遗留给我们的后代。

　　我们要共同努力，健全美国的学校教育，不能让无知和冷漠吞噬更多的年轻生命。我们要改革社会医疗和保险制度，在力所能及的范围内拯救我们的孩子。我们要减低税收，恢复经济，酬劳辛勤工作的美国人民。我们要防患于未然，懈怠会带来麻烦。我们还要阻止武器泛滥，使新的世纪摆脱恐怖的威胁。

　　反对自由和反对我们国家的人应该明白：美国仍将积极参与国际事务，力求世界力量的均衡，让自由的力量遍及全球。这是历史的选择。我们会保护我们的盟国，捍卫我们的利益。我们将谦逊地向世界人民表示我们的目标。我们将坚决反击各种侵略和不守信用的行径。我们要向全世界宣传孕育了我们伟大民族的价值观。

　　正处在鼎盛时期的美国也不缺乏同情心。

　　当我们静心思考，我们就会明了根深蒂固的贫穷根本不值得我国作出承诺。无论我们如何看待贫穷的原因，我们都必须承认，孩子敢于冒险不等于在犯错误。放纵与滥用都为上帝所不容。这些都是缺乏爱的结果。监狱数量的增长虽然看起来是有必要的，但并不能代替我们心中的希望-人人遵纪守法。

　　哪里有痛苦，我们的义务就在哪里。对我们来说，需要帮助的美国人不是陌生人，而是我们的公民；不是负担，而是急需救助的对象。当有人陷入绝望时，我们大家都会因此变得渺小。

　　对公共安全和大众健康，对民权和学校教育，政府都应负有极大的责任。然而，同情心不只是政府的职责，更是整个国家的义务。有些需要是如此的迫切，有些伤痕是如此的深刻，只有导师的爱抚、牧师的祈祷才能有所感触。不论是教堂还是慈善机构、犹太会堂还是清真寺，都赋予了我们的社会它们特有的人性，因此它们理应在我们的建设和法律上受到尊重。

　　我们国家的许多人都不知道贫穷的痛苦。但我们可以听到那些感触颇深的人们的倾诉。我发誓我们的国家要达到一种境界：当我们看见受伤的行人倒在远行的路上，我们决不会袖手旁观。

　　正处于鼎盛期的美国重视并期待每个人担负起自己的责任。

　　鼓励人们勇于承担责任不是让人们充当替罪羊，而是对人的良知的呼唤。虽然承担责任意味着牺牲个人利益，但是你能从中体会到一种更加深刻的成就感。

　　我们实现人生的完整不单是通过摆在我们面前的选择，而且是通过我们的实践来实现。我们知道，通过对整个社会和我们的孩子们尽我们的义务，我们将得到最终自由。

　　我们的公共利益依赖于我们独立的个性；依赖于我们的公民义务，家庭纽带和基本的公正；依赖于我们无数的、默默无闻的体面行动，正是它们指引我们走向自由。

　　在生活中，有时我们被召唤着去做一些惊天动地的事情。但是，正如我们时代的一位圣人所言，每一天我们都被召唤带着挚爱去做一些小事情。一个民主制度最重要的任务是由大家每一个人来完成的。

　　我为人处事的原则包括：坚信自己而不强加于人，为公众的利益勇往直前，追求正义而不乏同情心，勇担责任而决不推卸。我要通过这一切，用我们历史上传统价值观来哺育我们的时代。

　　(同胞们)，你们所做的一切和政府的工作同样重要。我希望你们不要仅仅追求个人享受而忽略公众的利益；要捍卫既定的改革措施，使其不会轻易被攻击；要从身边小事做起，为我们的国家效力。我希望你们成为真正的公民，而不是旁观者，更不是臣民。你们应成为有责任心的公民，共同来建设一个互帮互助的社会和有特色的国家。

　　美国人民慷慨、强大、体面，这并非因为我们信任我们自己，而是因为我们拥有超越我们自己的信念。一旦这种公民精神丧失了，无论何种政府计划都无法弥补它。一旦这种精神出现了，无论任何错误都无法抗衡它。

　　在《独立宣言》签署之后，弗吉尼亚州的政治家约翰·佩齐曾给托马斯·杰弗逊写信说："我们知道，身手敏捷不一定就能赢得比赛，力量强大不一定就能赢得战争。难道这一切不都是上帝安排的吗？"

　　杰斐逊就任总统的那个年代离我们已经很远了。时光飞逝，美国发生了翻天覆地的变化。但是有一点他肯定能够预知，即我们这个时代的主题仍然是：我们国家无畏向前的恢宏故事和它追求尊严的纯朴梦想。

　　我们不是这个故事的作者，是杰斐逊作者本人的伟大理想穿越时空，并通过我们每天的努力在变为现实。我们正在通过大家的努力在履行着各自的职责。

　　带着永不疲惫、永不气馁、永不完竭的信念，今天我们重树这样的目标：使我们的国家变得更加公正、更加慷慨，去验证我们每个人和所有人生命的尊严。

　　这项工作必须继续下去。这个故事必须延续下去。上帝会驾驭我们航行的。

　　愿上帝保佑大家！愿上帝保佑美国

Statement by the President to the Nation 911当晚布什总统在白宫 向全国发表电视讲话 8:30 P.M. EDT, 2001/09/11

Good evening. Today, our fellow citizens, our way of life, our very freedom came under attack in a series of deliberate and deadly terrorist acts. The victims were in airplanes or in their offices. Secretaries, business men and women, military and federal workers. Moms and dads. Friends and neighbors. Thousands of lives were suddenly ended by evil, despicable acts of terror. The pictures of airplanes flying into buildings, fires burning, huge structures collapsing, have filled us with disbelief, terrible sadness and a quiet, unyielding anger. These acts of mass murder were intended to frighten our nation into chaos and retreat. But they have failed. Our country is strong. A great people has been moved to defend a great nation. Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts shatter steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve. America was targeted for attack because we're the brightest beacon for freedom and opportunity in the world. And no one will keep that light from shining. Today, our nation saw evil, the very worst of human nature, and we responded with the best of America, with the daring of our rescue workers, with the caring for strangers and neighbors who came to give blood and help in any way they could. Immediately following the first attack, I implemented our government's emergency response plans. Our military is powerful, and it's prepared. Our emergency teams are working in New York City and Washington, D.C., to help with local rescue efforts. Our first priority is to get help to those who have been injured and to take every precaution to protect our citizens at home and around the world from further attacks. The functions of our government continue without interruption. Federal agencies in Washington, which had to be evacuated today, are reopening for essential personnel tonight and will be open for business tomorrow. Our financial institutions remain strong, and the American economy will be open for business as well. The search is under way for those who are behind these evil acts. I've directed the full resources for our intelligence and law enforcement communities to find those responsible and bring them to justice. We will make no distinction between the terrorists who committed these acts and those who harbor them. I appreciate so very much the members of Congress who have joined me in strongly condemning these attacks. And on behalf of the American people, I thank the many world leaders who have called to offer their condolences and assistance. America and our friends and allies join with all those who want peace and security in the world and we stand together to win the war against terrorism. Tonight I ask for your prayers for all those who grieve, for the children whose worlds have been shattered, for all whose sense of safety and security has been threatened. And I pray they will be comforted by a power greater than any of us spoken through the ages in Psalm 23: "Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I fear no evil for you are with me." This is a day when all Americans from every walk of life unite in our resolve for justice and peace. America has stood down enemies before, and we will do so this time. None of us will ever forget this day, yet we go forward to defend freedom and all that is good and just in our world. Thank you. Good night and God bless America."

晚上好。 今天，我们的同胞，我们的生活，我们的自由，遭到了一系列有预谋的、惨无人道的恐怖分子袭击。许多人在飞机上或者是在他们的办公室中不幸遇难，他们中有秘书，有商人和妇女，有军人和政府工作人员，有父亲和母亲，还有朋友和邻居。 数千个生命瞬间就被邪恶的恐怖主义袭击吞噬了。 飞机撞到了高楼上，浓烟滚滚，巨大的建筑物坍塌了，我们无法相信这一画面。我们心中充满了极度的悲痛和无言的、无法妥协的愤怒。 这次大规模屠杀行为目的是为了恐吓我们的国家，使美国陷入一片混乱之中。但他们失败了。我们的国家非常强大，我们伟大的人民已经行动起来，勇敢保卫我们伟大的祖国。 恐怖主义袭击能够摧毁我们一些高大的建筑物，但却动摇不了美国人民坚定的信念。这些恐怖活动能够破坏钢铁大厦，但却摧毁不了美国人民钢铁般的坚强意志。 美国成为恐怖分子的袭击目标，是因为我们在世界上高举自由和理想的火炬，但是任何人都不可能将这一火炬熄灭。 今天我们的国家遭遇了邪恶，这种邪恶是人性中最恶毒的。美国人民将全力以赴应对这一邪恶，我们的救援人员英勇无畏，无论是陌生人还是我们的朋友，他们纷纷伸出援助之手，向我们提供血液，给予他们力所能及的帮助。 事件发生之后，我立即启动了政府的紧急应对计划，我们的军队是强大的，他们已经做好了充分的准备。 我们的紧急救援队伍正在纽约和华盛顿特区紧张地工作着，和当地救援人员并肩作战。我们的当务之急是帮助那些受伤者，并保持高度警惕，随时保护国内和世界各地的美国公民不再受到袭击。 我们的政府将保持正常运转，不会中断。今天，华盛顿的联邦政府机构大都被疏散，一些重要工作人员将于今天晚上恢复工作，而整个政府机构也将于明天全面正常办公。 我们的金融机构依然强大，美国经济也将恢复正常。 搜救在受伤人员的工作正在展开。我已经下令所有情报及司法部门全力协作，找出应为此事负责的人，并将他们绳之以法。我们将对恐怖分子和那些庇护他们的人一视同仁，决不姑息。 我对国会议员们能与我一起强烈谴责此次袭击事件的行为表示赞赏。在此，我还代表美国人民，向对此事表示哀悼和伸出援助之手的世界各国的领导人表示诚挚的感谢。 美国和我们的朋友及盟友将与那些企盼和平与安全的国家携手，共同为打赢反抗恐怖主义的战争而奋斗。 今晚，我要求你们一同祈祷，为所有处于灾难之中的人们，为那些美好世界被无情击碎的孩子，为所有那些安全受到威胁的人们。我祈祷他们能够从《第23诗篇》中得到更大的力量和安慰，正如诗篇中所说的："就算我走过被死亡阴影笼罩的山谷，我也毫不畏惧，因为有你们和我在一起。" 今天，所有的美国人在公正和和平的信念下团结在一起。美国从前曾经击败过它的敌人，这次我们也能够做到。 没有人会忘记这一天，我们会继续捍卫自由，捍卫我们这个世界上美好和正义的事业。 谢谢各位，晚安，愿上帝保佑美国！

　

微软公司主席比尔·盖茨在北京微软专业开发人员大会上的演讲(1997)

Keynote Speech at Microsoft Professional Developers Conference

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Bill Gates

11 December 1997 Beijing,China

Good morning. It's a great pleasure to be here. Today is a major milestone [1] for Microsoft as our first Professional Developers Conference here in China. The key partnerships we build with software developers around the world are central not only to the success of Windows but also to realize the possibility that PC technology provides. It's through applications of every variety that businesses will be using the personal computer as the tool of the Information Age. 　

It's rather amazing how fast this innovation [2] is moving. Even to keep the like of myself who are deeply involved in the industry to go and see the improvement and every element that are taking place on a yearly basis is quite fantastic. Of course one of the driving factors of this business is the exponential increase in processor performance. There is no doubt that the magic of chip capability has delivered through the advance in microprocessor allows us to think of application which never would have been possible before.

The PC industry is one of the few industries that can deliver lower price equipment at the same time as improving the capabilities. The storage systems are now delivering Gigabyte of storage as the standard capability. Over 80 million of PCs are being sold a year. And the server market, the higher performance machines that these PCs networked with, are the fastest growing part of this business. The performance of those servers is increasing not only because the individual processors are faster, but also because we are using multiple-processor machines, so called SMP designs and clustering nodes together.……

Great chips, systems developers, partners who are sponsoring [3] this event, making this all possible. There is an incredible opportunity for developers. The applications that are written today will sell to an even larger base of machines out in the market. There is a lot that we're doing to increase the work of good developers-make sure they understand where the PC is going and how tools can help them now, more and more marketing type of activities making sure they got in with the customers. This is something that we are going to increase year after year.

The overall [4] DNS message is one about helping developers seize that opportunity by bringing together the different architectures, making things automatic and allowing this to be done in an evolutionary fashion. I think it's a fantastic time to be developer and we appreciate being here and look forward to the opportunity to work with you more. Thank you.

在北京微软专业开发人员大会上的演讲

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　微软公司主席比尔·盖茨

1997年12月11日，中国北京

　　早晨好。非常高兴与大家共聚一堂。在这里举行的微软中国第一届专业开发人员大会，是微软公司的一个重要里程碑。我们与全球软件开发人员建立的伙伴关系不仅是促成了Windows成功的关键，而且使PC技术提供的可能性成为现实。应用程序贯穿各个领域，公司将使用个人计算机作为信息时代的工具。

　　这一变革的速度之快，令人眼花缭乱。即使象我这样深入参与其中的人员，看到在一年基础上发生的如此巨大的进步预测一年后所发生的变化也是异想天开。当然，处理器性能的巨大提高是这一商务领域的一个推动因素。毫无疑问，芯片通过微处理器的进步所提供的强大功能允许我们考虑过去根本没有可能的应用程序。

　　PC行业是能够提供价格更低的设备并同时改进功能性的少数几个行业之一。存储系统提供lGB存储的标准功能。全球每年售出8000多万台PC。在服务器市场中，令这些PC联网的性能更高的机器是发展最快的部分。这些服务器的性能不断提高，不仅是因为单一处理器速度更快，还因为我们使用多处理器机器，也就是被称为SMP设计并实现节点的集群化。……

　　优异的芯片、系统开发商以及资助这一活动的合作伙伴将使所有这些成为可能。这是开发人员的一次极好机会。今天编写的应用程序将在市场上销售更多数量的机器。我们正在做许多工作来增加好的开发人员的工作，确保他们理解PC的走向、目前工具如何为他们提供帮助以及可使他们赢得客户的越来越多的促销活动类型。这就是我们年复一年所增加的东西。

　　整个DNS信息的目的就是通过结合不同的体系结构、实现任务自动化以及允许以一种发展的方式完成这一工作，帮助开发人员抓住机会。我认为，这是一个开发人员的时代，感谢您的光临并希望有机会与您进行更多的合作。 谢谢！ 　　　

注释： 1． Milestone：“里程碑”的意思，常用做比喻义，如：a milestone in one's life（生命的里程碑），常常是一些改变一个人生活的重要事件，有意义的事件。 2． Innovation：“革新”、“创新”的意思，如：a daring innovation（大胆革新）。Technical innovation（技术革新）。 3． Sponsor：“资助”、“赞助”的意思，当名词将就是“赞助人”、“担保人”的意思，If I'm going to go and live in the US, I must get an American sponsor.（如果我打算去美国生活，我必须得到一个美国担保人）。 4． Overall：“包括一切的”、“综合的”等意思，one's overall impression of sb.（对某人的总体印象）。另外再告诉大家overall作名词讲时的一个很有意思的用法，“工装裤”（美国用法）、“紧身军裤”（英国用法），这是overall 常用复数overalls，没办法，谁叫裤子都是两条腿呢？

Tribute to the dog 向狗致敬

本文是一篇法庭辩护词，作者George Graham (1830-1904) 是美国密苏里州的一个议员，是当时杰出的演讲家和辩论家。本篇是他早年从事法律工作时在法庭上所作，其时他为一位因狗被杀而起诉的人做辩护。辩护时，Vest 没有要求任何证词，只是凭借其辩论就赢得了官司。他辩词的撼人之处在于：拿出人类兽性的一面与狗人性的一面作对比，引起法官们对狗的感激和同情，以及对杀狗人的强烈憎恶。这不仅仅是一篇辩护词，也是一篇优秀的讲演稿，更是对人性的呼唤……

Gentlemen of the Jury: 　　

　　The best friend a man has in the world may turn against him and become his enemy. His son or daughter that he has reared with loving care may prove ungrateful. Those who are nearest and dearest to us, those whom we trust with our happiness and our good name may become traitors to their faith.

The money that a man has, he may lose. It flies away from him, perhaps when he needs it most. A man's reputation may be sacrificed in a moment of ill-considered action. The people who are prone to fall on their knees to do us honor when success is with us, may be the first to throw the stone of malice when failure settles its cloud upon our heads.

The one absolutely unselfish friend that man can have in this selfish world, the one that never deserts him, the one that never proves ungrateful or treacherous is his dog. A man's dog stands by him in prosperity and in poverty, in health and in sickness. He will sleep on the cold ground, where the wintry winds blow and the snow drives fiercely, if only he may be near his master's side. He will kiss the hand that has no food to offer.

He will lick the wounds and sores that come in encounters with the roughness of the world. He guards the sleep of his pauper master as if he were a prince. When all other friends desert, he remains. When riches take wings, and reputation falls to pieces, he is as constant in his love as the sun in its journey through the heavens.

If fortune drives the master forth, an outcast in the world, friendless and homeless, the faithful dog asks no higher privilege than that of accompanying him, to guard him against danger, to fight against his enemies. And when the last scene of all comes, and death takes his master in its embrace and his body is laid away in the cold ground, no matter if all other friends pursue their way, there by the graveside will the noble dog be found, his head between his paws, his eyes sad, but open in alert watchfulness, faithful and true even in death.

注释:

* jury：“陪审团”。 * turn against：“反目”、“反对”的意思。最好的朋友有时候也会反目成为敌人。 * rear：“抚养”的意思。用爱心抚养出来的儿女也会不知感激。那些和我们亲近的人、我们信任的人也可能成为traitors（背叛者）。 * prone：“易于……的”。 * malice：“恶意”、“伤害某人的意愿”。有些人在我们成功时，随时都会跪倒在面前以示尊敬，而当我们遭遇失败时，会第一个恶毒地向我们扔石头。 　　

* treacherous：“阴险的”、“奸诈的”等意思。上面提到的那些不知感恩和借风使舵的人都属于阴险的人。而狗却不是这样，狗在任何时候都对主人忠心耿耿，无论其穷富、身体健康与否。 * wintry：winter的形容词形式，表示“冬天的”、“寒冷的”意思。只要能靠近它的主人，哪怕是睡在冰凉的地上、任由寒风侵袭，狗都无怨无悔。

* pauper ：“贫民”、“非常穷的人”。再贫穷的主人熟睡时，狗也象守侯王子一样守侯他。

* outcast：“被抛弃、被驱逐的人”。当主人被世人抛弃、无家可归时，狗也总是形影不离。

美国总统老布什1991年宣布海湾战争开始

President George Bush Announcing War Against Iraq

George Bush - January 16, 1991

President George Bush: Just 2 hours ago, allied air forces began an attack on military targets in Iraq and Kuwait. These attacks continue as I speak. Ground forces are not engaged. This conflict started August 2nd when the dictator of Iraq invaded a small and helpless neighbor. Kuwait -- a member of the Arab League and a member of the United Nations -- was crushed; its people, brutalized. Five months ago, Saddam Hussein started this cruel war against Kuwait. Tonight, the battle has been joined. This military action, taken in accord with United Nations resolutions and with the consent of the United States Congress, follows months of constant and virtually endless diplomatic activity on the part of the United Nations, the United States, and many, many other countries. Arab leaders sought what became known as an Arab solution, only to conclude that Saddam Hussein was unwilling to leave Kuwait. Others traveled to Baghdad in a variety of efforts to restore peace and justice. Our Secretary of State, James Baker, held an historic meeting in Geneva, only to be totally rebuffed. This past weekend, in a last-ditch effort, the Secretary-General of the United Nations went to the Middle East with peace in his heart -- his second such mission. And he came back from Baghdad with no progress at all in getting Saddam Hussein to withdraw from Kuwait. Now the 28 countries with forces in the Gulf area have exhausted all reasonable efforts to reach a peaceful resolution -- have no choice but to drive Saddam from Kuwait by force. We will not fail. As I report to you, air attacks are underway against military targets in Iraq. We are determined to knock out Saddam Hussein's nuclear bomb potential. We will also destroy his chemical weapons facilities. Much of Saddam's artillery and tanks will be destroyed. Our operations are designed to best protect the lives of all the coalition forces by targeting Saddam's vast military arsenal. Initial reports from General Schwarzkopf are that our operations are proceeding according to plan. Our objectives are clear: Saddam Hussein's forces will leave Kuwait. The legitimate government of Kuwait will be restored to its rightful place, and Kuwait will once again be free. Iraq will eventually comply with all relevant United Nations resolutions, and then, when peace is restored, it is our hope that Iraq will live as a peaceful and cooperative member of the family of nations, thus enhancing the security and stability of the Gulf. Some may ask: Why act now? Why not wait? The answer is clear: The world could wait no longer. Sanctions, though having some effect, showed no signs of accomplishing their objective. Sanctions were tried for well over 5 months, and we and our allies concluded that sanctions alone would not force Saddam from Kuwait. While the world waited, Saddam Hussein systematically raped, pillaged, and plundered a tiny nation, no threat to his own. He subjected the people of Kuwait to unspeakable atrocities -- and among those maimed and murdered, innocent children. While the world waited, Saddam sought to add to the chemical weapons arsenal he now possesses, an infinitely more dangerous weapon of mass destruction -- a nuclear weapon. And while the world waited, while the world talked peace and withdrawal, Saddam Hussein dug in and moved massive forces into Kuwait. While the world waited, while Saddam stalled, more damage was being done to the fragile economies of the Third World, emerging democracies of Eastern Europe, to the entire world, including to our own economy. The United States, together with the United Nations, exhausted every means at our disposal to bring this crisis to a peaceful end. However, Saddam clearly felt that by stalling and threatening and defying the United Nations, he could weaken the forces arrayed against him. While the world waited, Saddam Hussein met every overture of peace with open contempt. While the world prayed for peace, Saddam prepared for war. I had hoped that when the United States Congress, in historic debate, took its resolute action, Saddam would realize he could not prevail and would move out of Kuwait in accord with the United Nation resolutions. He did not do that. Instead, he remained intransigent, certain that time was on his side. Saddam was warned over and over again to comply with the will of the United Nations: Leave Kuwait, or be driven out. Saddam has arrogantly rejected all warnings. Instead, he tried to make this a dispute between Iraq and the United States of America. Well, he failed. Tonight, 28 nations -- countries from 5 continents, Europe and Asia, Africa, and the Arab League -- have forces in the Gulf area standing shoulder to shoulder against Saddam Hussein. These countries had hoped the use of force could be avoided. Regrettably, we now believe that only force will make him leave. Prior to ordering our forces into battle, I instructed our military commanders to take every necessary step to prevail as quickly as possible, and with the greatest degree of protection possible for American and allied service men and women. I've told the American people before that this will not be another Vietnam, and I repeat this here tonight. Our troops will have the best possible support in the entire world, and they will not be asked to fight with one hand tied behind their back. I'm hopeful that this fighting will not go on for long and that casualties will be held to an absolute minimum. This is an historic moment. We have in this past year made great progress in ending the long era of conflict and cold war. We have before us the opportunity to forge for ourselves and for future generations a new world order -- a world where the rule of law, not the law of the jungle, governs the conduct of nations. When we are successful -- and we will be -- we have a real chance at this new world order, an order in which a credible United Nations can use its peacekeeping role to fulfill the promise and vision of the U.N.'s founders. We have no argument with the people of Iraq. Indeed, for the innocents caught in this conflict, I pray for their safety. Our goal is not the conquest of Iraq. It is the liberation of Kuwait. It is my hope that somehow the Iraqi people can, even now, convince their dictator that he must lay down his arms, leave Kuwait, and let Iraq itself rejoin the family of peace-loving nations. Thomas Paine wrote many years ag "These are the times that try men's souls.'' Those well-known words are so very true today. But even as planes of the multinational forces attack Iraq, I prefer to think of peace, not war. I am convinced not only that we will prevail but that out of the horror of combat will come the recognition that no nation can stand against a world united, no nation will be permitted to brutally assault its neighbor. No President can easily commit our sons and daughters to war. They are the Nation's finest. Ours is an all-volunteer force, magnificently trained, highly motivated. The troops know why they're there. And listen to what they say, for they've said it better than any President or Prime Minister ever could. Listen to Hollywood Huddleston, Marine lance corporal. He says, "Let's free these people, so we can go home and be free again.'' And he's right. The terrible crimes and tortures committed by Saddam's henchmen against the innocent people of Kuwait are an affront to mankind and a challenge to the freedom of all. Listen to one of our great officers out there, Marine Lieutenant General Walter Boomer. He said: "There are things worth fighting for. A world in which brutality and lawlessness are allowed to go unchecked isn't the kind of world we're going to want to live in.'' Listen to Master Sergeant J.P. Kendall of the 82nd Airborne: "We're here for more than just the price of a gallon of gas. What we're doing is going to chart the future of the world for the next 100 years. It's better to deal with this guy now than 5 years from now.'' And finally, we should all sit up and listen to Jackie Jones, an Army lieutenant, when she says, "If we let him get away with this, who knows what's going to be next?'' I have called upon Hollywood and Walter and J.P. and Jackie and all their courageous comrades-in-arms to do what must be done. Tonight, America and the world are deeply grateful to them and to their families. And let me say to everyone listening or watching tonight: When the troops we've sent in finish their work, I am determined to bring them home as soon as possible. Tonight, as our forces fight, they and their families are in our prayers. May God bless each and every one of them, and the coalition forces at our side in the Gulf, and may He continue to bless our nation, the United States of America. George Bush - January 16, 1991

联合国秘书长安南新千年致辞 THE SECRETARY-GENERAL'S MESSAGE FOR THE NEW MILLENNIUM (1999年12月31日)

My dear friends all over the world,

Today we celebrate a special New Year with a momentous number: the Year Two Thousand. 今天,我们庆祝一个特殊的新年,它的年号不同凡响,是2000年。

As we move into a new Millennium, many of us have much to be thankful for. Most of the world is at peace. Most of us are better educated than our parents or grandparents, and can expect to live longer lives, with greater freedom and a wider range of choices. 走进新千年之际,有许多事是我们许多人都应该感恩的。世界大部分地区平安无事。我们大多数人比自己的父母和祖父母受的教育多,预期寿命长,享有更大的自由和更广泛的选择。

A new century brings new hope, but can also bring new dangers - or old ones in a new and alarming form. 新世纪带来新的希望,但也可能带来新的危险,或者是老危险换上了可怕的新形式。

Some of us fear seeing our jobs and our way of life destroyed by economic change. Others fear the spread of bigotry, violence or disease. Others still are more worried that human activities may be ruining the global environment on which our life depends. 有些人担心,经济变化会毁掉我们的就业机会和生活方式。又有些人担心偏见、暴力或疾病会蔓延。还有一些人担心,人类活动可能毁掉生命赖以存在的全球环境。

No one knows for sure how serious each of these dangers will be. But one thing they have in common: they do not respect state frontiers. 谁也不能确实知道,这每一种危险到底有多么严重。但是我们知道,这些危险有一个共同点:它们都是不尊重国界的。

Even the strongest state, acting alone, may not be able to protect its citizens against them. 即便是最强大的国家,如果单独行动,或许也无法保护其公民免受这些危险之害。

More than ever before in human history, we all share a common destiny. We can master it only if we face it together. 在人类历史上,我们从未像现在这样休戚与共。只有共同面对,我们才能掌握自己的命运。

And that, my friends, is why we have the United Nations. 朋友们,这就是成立联合国的原因。

Through the United Nations, we are working together to preserve peace; to outlaw weapons that kill and maim indiscriminately; to bring mass murderers and war criminals to justice. 通过联合国,我们共同努力维护和平,禁止滥杀滥伤的武器,把大屠杀的凶手和战争罪犯绳之以法。

Through the United Nations, we are working together to defeat AIDS and other epidemics; to control climate change; to make clean air and water available to everyone. 通过联合国,我们共同努力战胜艾滋病和其他流行病,控制气候变化,让每个人都能享受到洁净的空气和饮水。

Through the United Nations, we are working together to ensure that the global market benefits all of us, freeing the poor to lift themselves out of poverty. 通过联合国,我们共同努力确保全球市场让人人获益,使穷人摆脱贫困。

Through the United Nations, we are working together to make human rights a reality for everyone – to give all human beings real choices in life, and a real say in decisions that affect their lives. 通过联合国,我们共同努力让每个人都能切实享受人权,使人人都能真正作出生活的选择,对影响其生活的决定获得真正的发言权。

In all these areas and more, the United Nations is working for you. But it can do little without you. After all, it belongs to you –you the peoples of the world. And therefore it can work much better with your help and your ideas. 在所有这些领域以及其他领域,联合国正在为大家工作。要是没有大家,联合国便难以有所作为。毕竟,联合国是大家的联合国,是全世界人民的联合国。所以,有大家的帮助,有大家的智慧,联合国才能发挥更大的作用。

My friends, the new millennium need not be a time of fear or anxiety. If we work together and have faith in our own abilities, it can be a time of hope and opportunity. It’s up to us to make it so.

朋友们,新的千年不必是恐惧或担忧的时代。如果我们共同努力,相信自己的能力,新千年可以成为希望和机遇的时代。一切全靠我们自己。 Happy New Year!

祝大家新年快乐!

布什就向阿富汗发动军事打击发表广播讲话

Presidential Address to the Nation on Military Strikes The Treaty Room, October 7, 2001,1:00 P.M. EDT

THE PRESIDENT: Good afternoon. On my orders, the United States military has begun strikes against al Qaeda terrorist training camps and military installations of the Taliban regime in Afghanistan. These carefully targeted actions are designed to disrupt the use of Afghanistan as a terrorist base of operations, and to attack the military capability of the Taliban regime. We are joined in this operation by our staunch friend, Great Britain. Other close friends, including Canada, Australia, Germany and France, have pledged forces as the operation unfolds. More than 40 countries in the Middle East, Africa, Europe and across Asia have granted air transit or landing rights. Many more have shared intelligence. We are supported by the collective will of the world. More than two weeks ago, I gave Taliban leaders a series of clear and specific demands: Close terrorist training camps; hand over leaders of the al Qaeda network; and return all foreign nationals, including American citizens, unjustly detained in your country. None of these demands were met. And now the Taliban will pay a price. By destroying camps and disrupting communications, we will make it more difficult for the terror network to train new recruits and coordinate their evil plans. Initially, the terrorists may burrow deeper into caves and other entrenched hiding places. Our military action is also designed to clear the way for sustained, comprehensive and relentless operations to drive them out and bring them to justice. At the same time, the oppressed people of Afghanistan will know the generosity of America and our allies. As we strike military targets, we'll also drop food, medicine and supplies to the starving and suffering men and women and children of Afghanistan. The United States of America is a friend to the Afghan people, and we are the friends of almost a billion worldwide who practice the Islamic faith. The United States of America is an enemy of those who aid terrorists and of the barbaric criminals who profane a great religion by committing murder in its name. This military action is a part of our campaign against terrorism, another front in a war that has already been joined through diplomacy, intelligence, the freezing of financial assets and the arrests of known terrorists by law enforcement agents in 38 countries. Given the nature and reach of our enemies, we will win this conflict by the patient accumulation of successes, by meeting a series of challenges with determination and will and purpose. Today we focus on Afghanistan, but the battle is broader. Every nation has a choice to make. In this conflict, there is no neutral ground. If any government sponsors the outlaws and killers of innocents, they have become outlaws and murderers, themselves. And they will take that lonely path at their own peril. I'm speaking to you today from the Treaty Room of the White House, a place where American Presidents have worked for peace. We're a peaceful nation. Yet, as we have learned, so suddenly and so tragically, there can be no peace in a world of sudden terror. In the face of today's new threat, the only way to pursue peace is to pursue those who threaten it. We did not ask for this mission, but we will fulfill it. The name of today's military operation is Enduring Freedom. We defend not only our precious freedoms, but also the freedom of people everywhere to live and raise their children free from fear. I know many Americans feel fear today. And our government is taking strong precautions. All law enforcement and intelligence agencies are working aggressively around America, around the world and around the clock. At my request, many governors have activated the National Guard to strengthen airport security. We have called up Reserves to reinforce our military capability and strengthen the protection of our homeland. In the months ahead, our patience will be one of our strengths -- patience with the long waits that will result from tighter security; patience and understanding that it will take time to achieve our goals; patience in all the sacrifices that may come. Today, those sacrifices are being made by members of our Armed Forces who now defend us so far from home, and by their proud and worried families. A Commander-in-Chief sends America's sons and daughters into a battle in a foreign land only after the greatest care and a lot of prayer. We ask a lot of those who wear our uniform. We ask them to leave their loved ones, to travel great distances, to risk injury, even to be prepared to make the ultimate sacrifice of their lives. They are dedicated, they are honorable; they represent the best of our country. And we are grateful. To all the men and women in our military -- every sailor, every soldier, every airman, every coastguardsman, every Marine -- I say this: Your mission is defined; your objectives are clear; your goal is just. You have my full confidence, and you will have every tool you need to carry out your duty. I recently received a touching letter that says a lot about the state of America in these difficult times -- a letter from a 4th-grade girl, with a father in the military: "As much as I don't want my Dad to fight," she wrote, "I'm willing to give him to you." This is a precious gift, the greatest she could give. This young girl knows what America is all about. Since September 11, an entire generation of young Americans has gained new understanding of the value of freedom, and its cost in duty and in sacrifice. The battle is now joined on many fronts. We will not waver; we will not tire; we will not falter; and we will not fail. Peace and freedom will prevail. Thank you. May God continue to bless America.

按照我的指令，美军部队已开始向位于阿富汗境内的本·拉登恐怖组织训练营以及塔利班政权的军事设施实施军事打击。 这次经过精心准备的军事行动的目的，是为了让阿富汗不再成为恐怖组织的训练基地并削弱塔利班政权的军事实力。 美国最亲密的盟友英国也派遣部队参加了这次行动，别外包括加拿大、澳大利亚、德国和法国在内的其他盟国也已承诺随着打击行动的逐步展开，他们也将加入我们的行列。 中东地区、非洲、欧洲以及亚洲的40多个国家已同意向美军开放领空或是起降战机的机场，还有很多国家表示愿意与美国共享情报信息，显而易见，我们这次行动是得到了全世界的支持。 两个多星期以前，我已向塔利班政权领导人发出了一系列清晰而且明确的信号，要求他们关闭阿富汗境内的恐怖组织训练营，交出拉登恐怖组织的所有头目，释放包括被非法拘禁在阿富汗的美国公民在内的所有外国人质。但是，塔利班拒绝答应上述任何要求，现在，该是他们为此付出代价的时候了。 通过摧毁拉登恐怖组织的训练营和塔利班政权的通信设施，我们知道该组织再想训练新加入的恐怖分子以及协调他们的毒恶恐怖计划将更加困难。我们很清楚，战争一打响，恐怖分子就会躲到山洞里藏起来，但我们会能够持续、全面以及毫不手软的打击行动将他们逼出山洞、赶出阿富汗并最终绳之以法。 与些同时，饱受压迫的阿富汗民众将对美国政府及我们的盟国的慷概大度有更深的认识，在我们打击阿富汗境内军用设施的同时，我们还会向正遭受饥饿之苦的阿富汗民众空投食物、药品以及其他救援物资。 美国政府是阿富汗人民的朋友，而且我们了是全世界信仰伊斯兰教的近10亿教徒的朋友。美国是那些从事恐怖活动的个人及组织的敌人，这些人根本就不是伊斯兰教徒，他们只是打着伊斯兰教的幌子在从事谋杀活动。 这次针对塔利班政权的军事打击活动是我们反恐怖行动的一部分，在实施军事打击的同时，我们还对38个国家境内与恐怖组织有关联的个人及机构的资产进行了冻结。 我们相信，只要我们团结一致，目标统一，我们就一定能够赢得这场反恐怖战争的胜利。虽然今天我们打击的目标是阿富汗，但其具有更广泛的意义，尽管每个国家都有权做出自己的决定，但在反恐怖战场上没有任何中立立场可言。如果任何一个政府支持或庇护恐怖分子，它就会成为国际社会孤立和打击的对象，它最终的下场将与恐怖分子一样。 美国是一个渴望和平的国家，但我们在9月11日这一天突然意识到，如果恐怖主义不除，世界将永无宁日。在面临现今的恐怖主义威胁时，我们得到和平的唯一办法就是消灭那些带来恐怖威胁的人。美国并不想发动这场进攻，但我们被逼无奈，而且一定要取得胜利。 这次军事行动的代号是“持久自由行动”。通过这次行动，我们不仅将为美国民众带来宝贵的自由，而且还将为全世界的公众赢得自由，让他们的子孙后代远离战争。 我知道很多美国人今天会感到担心，不过请放心，美国政府已采取了最谨慎的防范措施，我们所有的执法机构以及情报部门都为此在一天24小时地工作着。 在未来几个月内，耐心将是我们最大的法宝，它将给那些在前线作战的士兵的家人和朋友带来希望和毅力。我们为这些士兵及其亲属做出的巨大牺牲感到自豪。这些到前线参战的武装人员是职业军人，他们值得我们尊敬，他们代表了美国民众当中最优秀的成员，我们为他们感到骄傲。 在这里，我要向参加这次行动的每位美国士兵说：“你们的行动是正义的，我们对你们充满信心。” “9·11恐怖事件”让所有的美国人都更加懂得了自由的含义，深知赢得自由就需要付出代价和牺牲。现在，战争就在眼前，我们不会退缩也不会裹足，因为和平和自由终将战胜邪恶。 谢谢大家，愿上帝与美国同在。

美国总统布什在清华大学的演讲

President Bush's remarks at Tsinghua University (02/22/2002)

President Bush: Vice President Hu, thank you for your words of welcome. I am grateful for your hospitality, and honored by this reception at one of China's great universities. Tsinghua University was founded, with the support of America, to further the ties between our two nations. I know how important this place is to the Vice President, who earned his degree here and even more important, met his gracious wife Liu Yongqing here. I also thank the students here for this opportunity to meet with you, to talk a little bit about my country and answer some of your questions. The standards and reputation of this university are known around the world, and I know what an achievement it is to be here. My wife Laura and I have two daughters in college, one at Yale and the other at the University of Texas. We are proud of our daughters just like I am sure your parents are proud of you. My visit to China comes on an important anniversary. Thirty years ago this week, an American President arrived in China on a trip designed to end decades of estrangement and confront centuries of suspicion. President Richard Nixon showed the world that two vastly different governments could meet on the grounds of common interest, and in a spirit of mutual respect. As they left the airport that day, Premier Zhou Enlai said to President Nixon, ``Your handshake came over the vastest ocean in the world twenty-five years of no communication.'' During the 30 years since, America and China have exchanged many handshakes of friendship and commerce. And as we have had more contact with each other, the citizens of our two countries have gradually learned more about each other. Once, America knew China only by its history as a great and enduring civilization. Today, we see a China that is still defined by noble traditions of family, scholarship, and honor. And we see a China that is becoming one of the most dynamic and creative societies in the world as demonstrated by all the knowledge and potential right here in this room. China is on a rising path, and America welcomes the emergence of a strong, peaceful, and prosperous China. As America learns more about China, I am concerned that the Chinese people do not always see a clear picture of my country. This happens for many reasons, some of them of our own making. Our movies and television shows often do not portray the values of the real America I know. Our successful businesses show the strength of American commerce, but the community spirit and contributions of those businesses are not always as visible as their monetary success. Some of the erroneous pictures of America are painted by others. My friend, the Ambassador to China, tells me that some Chinese textbooks talk of Americans ``bullying the weak and repressing the poor.'' Another Chinese textbook, published just last year, teaches that special agents of the FBI are used to ``repress the working people.'' Neither of these is true and while the books may be leftovers from a previous era, they are misleading and harmful. In fact, Americans feel a special responsibility for the poor and the weak. Our government spends billions of dollars to provide health care and food and housing for those who cannot help themselves and even more important, many of our citizens contribute their own money and time to help those in need. American compassion stretches way beyond our borders. We are the number one provider of humanitarian aid to people in need throughout the world. As for the men and women of our FBI and law enforcement, they are themselves working people who devote their lives to fighting crime and corruption. My country certainly has its share of problems and faults; like most nations we're on a long journey toward achieving our own ideals of equality and justice. Yet there is a reason our nation shines as a beacon of hope and opportunity, a reason many throughout the world dream of coming to America. We are a free nation, where men and women have the opportunity to achieve their dreams. No matter your background or circumstance of birth, in America you can get a good education, start a business, raise a family, worship freely and help elect the leaders of your community and country. You can support the policies of our government, or you are free to openly disagree with them. Those who fear freedom sometimes argue it could lead to chaos, but it does not, because freedom means more than every man for himself. Liberty gives our citizens many rights, yet expects them to exercise important responsibilities. Our liberty is given direction and purpose by moral character, shaped in strong families, strong communities, and strong religious institutions and overseen by a strong and fair legal system. My country's greatest symbol to the world, the Statue of Liberty, was designed with great care. As you look closely, you will see that she is holding not one object, but two. In one hand is the familiar torch, the light of liberty. In the other is a book of law. We are a Nation of laws. Our courts are honest and independent. The President can't tell the courts how to rule and neither can any other member of the executive or legislative branch. Under our law, everyone stands equal. No one is above the law, and no one is beneath it. All political power in America is limited and temporary, and only given by a free vote of the people. We have a Constitution, now two centuries old, which limits and balances the powers of the three branches of our government: judicial, legislative and executive. Many of the values that guide our life in America are first shaped in our families, just as they are in your country. American Moms and Dads love their children and work hard and sacrifice for them, because we believe life can always be better for the next generation. In our families, we find love and learn responsibility and character. And many Americans voluntarily devote part of their lives to serving others. An amazing number nearly half of all adults in America volunteer time every week to make their communities better by mentoring children visiting the sick caring for the elderly and helping with a thousand other needs and causes. This is one of the great strengths of my country. People take responsibility for helping others without being told, motivated by their good hearts and often by their faith. America is a nation guided by faith. Someone once called us ``a nation with the soul of a church.'' Ninety-five percent of Americans say they believe in God, and I'm one of them. When I met with President Jiang Zemin in Shanghai a few months ago, I told him how faith has shaped my own life, and how faith contributes to the life of my country. Faith points to a moral law beyond man's law and calls us to duties higher than material gain. Freedom of religion is not something to be feared but to be welcomed, because faith gives us a moral core and teaches us to hold ourselves to high standards, to love and serve others, and to live responsible lives. If you travel across America, you will find people of many different ethic backgrounds and many different faiths. We are a varied country. We are home to 2.3 million Americans of Chinese ancestry, who can be found working in the offices of our biggest companies, serving in my own Cabinet, and skating for America at the Olympics. Every immigrant, by taking an oath of allegiance to our country, becomes just as much an American as the President of the United States. America shows that a society can be vast and varied, and yet still one country, commanding the allegiance and love of its people. All of these qualities of America were vividly displayed on a single day, September 11th, when terrorists attacked America. American policemen and firefighters, by the hundreds, ran into burning towers in the desperate hope of saving other lives. Volunteers came from everywhere to help with the rescue efforts. Americans donated blood, and gave money to help the families of victims. People went to prayer services all over America, and raised flags to show their pride and unity. None of this was ordered by the government; it happened spontaneously, by the initiative of a free people. Life in America shows that liberty, paired with law, is not to be feared. In a free society, diversity is not disorder. Debate is not strife. And dissent is not revolution. A free society trusts its citizens to seek greatness in themselves and their country. It was my honor to visit China in 1975, and a lot has changed in your country since then. China has made amazing progress in openness, and enterprise, and economic freedom. And this progress previews China's great potential. China has joined the World Trade Organization, and as you live up to its obligations, they will bring changes in China's legal system. A modern China will have a consistent rule of law to govern commerce and secure the rights of its people. The new China your generation is building will need the profound wisdom of your traditions. The lure of materialism challenges society in our country and in many successful countries. Your ancient ethic of personal and family responsibility will serve you well. Behind China's economic success today are talented, energetic people. In the near future, these same men and women will play a full and active role in your government. This university is not simply turning out specialists, it is preparing citizens. And citizens are not spectators in the affairs of their country. They are participants in its future. Change is coming. China is already having secret ballot and competitive elections at the local level. Nearly twenty years ago, Deng Xiaoping said that China would eventually expand democratic elections all the way to the national level and I look forward to that day. Tens of millions of Chinese today are relearning Buddhist, Taoist, and local religious traditions, or practicing Christianity, Islam, and other faiths. Regardless of where or how these believers worship, they are no threat to public order; in fact, they make good citizens. For centuries, this country had a tradition of religious tolerance. My prayer is that all persecution will end, so that all in China are free to gather and worship as they wish. All of these changes will lead to a stronger, more confident China a China that can astonish and enrich the world, a China that your generation will help create. This is one of the most exciting times in the history of your country a time when even the grandest hopes seem within your reach. My nation offers you our respect and our friendship. Six years from now, athletes from America and around the world will come to your country for the Olympic games. And I am confident they will find a China that is becoming a da guo, a leading nation, at peace with its people and at peace with the world. Thank you and now I look forward to answering some questions.

胡副主席，非常感谢您的欢迎致辞，非常感谢您在这里接待我和我的夫人劳拉。我也看到我的助理赖斯女士，她曾经是斯德莫大学的校长，因此她回到校园是最适合不过的了。非常感谢各位对我的热情的接待，很荣幸能够来到中国，甚至是世界最伟大的一座学府之一，这所大学恰好是在美国的支持下成立的，成立的目标是为了推动我们两国间的关系。我也知道清华这所大学对于副主席先生有着十分重要的意义，他不仅在这里获得了学位，而且是在这里与他优雅的夫人相识的。我想同时，也感谢在座的各位学生给我这个机会跟大家见面，谈一谈我自己的国家，并且回答大家的一些问题。 　　清华大学的治学标准和名声闻名于世，我也知道能考入这所大学本身是一个很大的成就，祝贺你们。 　　我和我的太太有两个女儿，像你们一样正在上大学，有一个女儿上的是德州大学，一个女儿上的是耶鲁大学，他们是双胞胎。我们对我们的两个女儿倍感骄傲，我想你们的父母对你们的成就也是同样的引以为荣的。我这次访华恰逢一个重要的周年纪念日，副主席刚才也谈到了，三十年前这一周，一个美国的总统来到了中国，他的访华之旅目的是为了结束长达数十年的隔阂，和长达数百年的相互猜疑，本着相互利益，本着相互尊重的精神站在一起。那天他们离开机场的时候，周恩来总理对尼克松总统说了这样一番话，他说，你与我的握手越过了世界上最为辽阔的海洋，这个海洋就是互不交往的25年。自从那时以来，美国和中国已经握过多次的友谊之手和商业之手。 　　随着我们两国间接触的日益频繁，我们两国的国民也逐渐地加深了对彼此的了解，这是非常非常重要的。曾经一度，美国人只知道中国是一个历史悠久的一个伟大的国家，有伟大的文明。今天，我们仍然看到中国奉行着重视家庭、学业和荣誉的优良的传统，同时，我们所看到的中国正日益成为世界上一个最富活力和最富创造力的社会之一，这一点最佳的验证便是在座诸位所具备的知识和潜力。中国正走在一个发展的道路上，而美国欢迎一个强大、和平与繁荣的中国的出现。我同美国人在更进一步了解中国的同时，也担心中国人不一定总是能够很清楚地看到我的国家的真实面貌，这里面有多种原因，其中有一些是我们自己造成的。我们的电影，还有电视节目，往往并没有全面反映出美国。我们成功的企业显示了美国商业的力量。但是我们的精神、我们的社区精神，还有我们相互对彼此的贡献往往并不像我们金钱方面的成功那样的显而易见。 　　更为重要的是，我们许多的公民主动捐出自己的金钱，自己的时间来帮助有需求的人士。美国的同情心，同时也远远超越了我们自己的国界，在人道主义援助方面，我们居于世界首位，援助世界各地的人们。至于联邦调查局和执法界的工作人员，他们自己就是劳动人民的一员，他们献身于打击犯罪，打击腐败。 　　我们有一部宪法，已经有二百年的历史，它限制并且平衡三个部门之间的权利，这三个部门就是司法、立法和行政机构，我是行政机构的一员，指导我们的很多的价值观是在家庭中陶冶形成的，就像在中国一样，美国的妈妈们，爸爸们疼爱他们的孩子，为他们辛勤地劳动，作出牺牲，因为我们相信，下一代的生活总会更好，在我们的家庭中，我们可以找到关爱，可以学习如何负起责任，如何陶冶人格。很多美国人都抽出时间为其他人服务，成年中的一半人每周都拿出时间，使得他们的社区办得更好，他们辅导儿童，探访病人，照顾老人，并且帮助做许许多多数不胜数的事情。这就是我的国家的一大优点。我们主动承担起责任，帮助他们，他们的原动力就是善良的心，还有他们的信仰。 　　如果你去美国旅行的话，你会见到来自不同种族背景，有着不同信仰的人。我们是一个多元化、多姿多彩的国家，在那里有230万华人，他们在那里繁衍生息。在我们大公司的办公室里有华人工作，在美国政府中有华人工作，在奥林匹克比赛中代表美国参加滑冰比赛的也有华人。 　　诸位，重视个人和家庭责任的古老道德传统将使诸位受益匪浅。在中国如今经济成功的背后，有着有活力的人才。在不久的将来，这些人无论是男是女，将在这个政府中发挥积极和全面的作用。清华大学它不仅在培养专家，它也是在培育公民。公民在他们国家的事务中不是袖手旁观者，他们是建设未来的参与者。 　　所有的这些变化，将导致中国更加强大，更加有自信，这个中国将使世界瞩目，也使世界更加丰富。这个中国就是诸位这一代人所帮助创立的中国，现在在中国的历史上是一个非常令人振奋的时刻。此时此刻，就连最宏伟的梦想也似乎唾手可得。 　　我的国度，对中国提出尊敬和友谊，再过六年，来自美国和世界的运动员将到贵国来参加奥林匹克比赛，我坚信，他们能够见到的中国将是正在变成一个大国的中国，一个走在世界前沿的国家，一个与其人民无争，与世界和平相处的中国。 谢谢诸位让我到此来演讲。下面欢迎大家提问。

　

布莱尔为英国女王王太后去世致悼词

HM QUEEN ELIZABETH THE QUEEN MOTHER 4th August 1900 - 30th March 2002

Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother died peacefully in her sleep on Saturday 30th March 2002, at Royal Lodge, Windsor. Queen Elizabeth was a much-loved member of the Royal Family. Her life, spanning over a century, was devoted to the service of her country, the fulfilment of her Royal duties and the support of her family.

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Mr Speaker, I begin by moving and reading the Humble Address.

I beg to move that an Humble Address be presented to Her Majesty expressing the deep sympathies and condolences of this House on the death of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth, The Queen Mother, whose life was given unstintingly in devoted public service to the Country and the Commonwealth; who with his late Majesty King George VI rallied the nation in the darkest days of war and who in times of peace was a unifying figure for Britain, inspiring love and affection in all She met.

On Friday Her coffin will be carried in a ceremonial procession to Westminster Hall, where it will Lie-in-State until the evening of Monday, 8 April. Members of the public will be able to pay their respects there prior to the funeral, which will take place at 1130am on Tuesday, 9 April in Westminster Abbey.

Mr. Speaker, I know that the whole House will join with me in paying tribute to The Queen Mother, who for almost a century was part of our lives, inspired our country, aroused its respect and affection and for whose service and life we give our profound thanks.

Part of the fascination with The Queen Mother was the sheer span of history She encompassed, not just the great events of the 20th century, its wars, the ideologies that came and went, but its technological and scientific discoveries, its vastly changing culture. 1801 compared to 1701 was no doubt very different. But 2001 compared to 1901 seems an historic age apart and yet She saw it and experienced it all.

She was born during the Boer War, in an era virtually free from the motor car, a time when, She once remembered, a dairyman still often stood with his cow selling milk near the gates of Buckingham Palace. Yet at the end of Her life, thousands of people sent e-mails of condolence to the royal website.

The Titanic sailed and sank when She was 11. World War I broke out on Her fourteenth birthday. Her first child was born in 1926, the year that television was invented. She was the last Empress of India. In 1986 She became the oldest person to bear the title of Queen in the history of the British monarchy. And in all She saw 20 different Prime Ministers pass through Downing Street. One of my best memories of Her is sitting with Her at Balmoral, as She told me of Her personal recollections not just of Churchill and Attlee, but of Asquith, Lloyd George and Baldwin.

Undoubtedly this long perspective brought stability to the monarchy and to the country. But the respect She received, the outpouring of affection accorded Her death, is not the result simply or even principally of Her long life. She could have lived over 100 years and made little mark. The tributes could have been a ritual.

But they weren't. They were genuine and heartfelt and from young and old, from all classes, all backgrounds, all walks of life. And that was because of the person She was, not the rank She held. She came to embody what was best about our past and She made us most optimistic about our future.

She never expected to become Queen - despite being told She would be, by a fortune teller, as a child. It was only after the abdication of Edward VIII that Her husband became King George VI. In 1936, during the abdication crisis, She wrote to the Archbishop of Canterbury that "I can hardly believe that we have been called to the tremendous task ... the curious thing is that we are not afraid."

Her husband had seen active service in the Navy. She had never anticipated the role of Queen. Both had led lives reasonably broad in experience and in meeting people. And the War was to prove that fate had chosen well for Britain. Hitler, watching a newsreel clip of her laying a poppy at a First World War memorial and noticing Her poise and spirit, is said to have dubbed Her "the most dangerous woman in Europe." King George and Queen Elizabeth rallied the nation magnificently during the War's worst hours and days. Her refusal to leave London is now legendary. A clue as to why can be found in what She wrote at the time after visiting the East End: "I feel quite exhausted after seeing and hearing so much sadness, sorrow, heroism and magnificent spirit. The destruction is so awful, and the people so wonderful they deserve a better world." She spent nights in air raid shelters, and took revolver-shooting lessons in the grounds of the palace.

Her spirit and the British spirit became inseparably intertwined.

She was a unifying figure too because She personified the diversity and unity of Britain and the Commonwealth. She considered herself a Scot, and was proud of it - a descendant of Scottish royalty, She spent a lot of time from an early age at Her family's estates in Scotland. She was never happier than when at Her home at the Castle of Mey in Caithness, or fly fishing in Scotland's rivers. During a visit to South Africa in 1946 She met an old Boer veteran who told her bitterly, "I can never forgive what the English did to my people." The Queen replied: "Oh, I do so understand. We in Scotland often feel just the same."

In all Her work She was motivated by the most powerful sense of duty and service. She believed that the Royal Family's duty was to serve the nation, and She carried out that role with total and selfless devotion - even after She had suffered the loss of Her beloved husband.

She was still carrying out 130 engagements a year at the age of 80 and even over 50 at the age of 100. She has been involved, often as patron or president, in well over 300 charities, voluntary bodies and other organisations. She served the British Legion, for example, throughout almost its whole existence, nearly 80 years.

We should remember The Queen Mother for Her great sense of fun and Her zest for life. Her enthusiasm and humour shone through in all She did, whether handing out shamrocks to the Irish Guards on St Patrick's Day, inspecting the Chelsea pensioners, or indulging Her lifelong and very serious passion for horseracing.

Her infectious sense of fun could charm even opponents. The veteran anti-monarchist and former MP, Willie Hamilton, said on Her 80th Birthday: "I am glad to salute a remarkable old lady. Long may She live to be the pride of Her family. And may God understand and forgive me if I have been ensnared and corrupted - if only briefly - by this superb old trouper."

Not only did She enjoy life to the full, She helped others to do so. Her longevity and vitality in old age gave hope to older people everywhere. Commenting on Her extraordinary vigour and gaiety - She was still dancing well into her 90s - She once said: "I love life, that's my secret."

As HRH Prince Charles has said, She was "the original life enhancer ... gloriously unstoppable."

Our thoughts and prayers are with all the Royal Family and especially with Her Majesty The Queen, who has in the space of a few weeks so cruelly suffered the loss of both Her sister and mother. The Queen has borne it with Her customary dignity, continuing to serve the nation even while grieving.

We have seen in the very many moving and memorable tributes that have been paid to Her Majesty The Queen Mother, the recurring themes of Her love of life, Her warmth and humour, Her love of country, above all Her devotion to duty. It is the belief in duty that captures Her spirit best. Yet it is not duty in an arid or formal sense. She enjoyed life, lived it and loved it to the full. Yet She showed how it could be lived and loved whilst not for one moment compromising Her commitment to duty. It is that combination of high integrity and simple humanity that made Her not just respected but loved. There is nothing false or complicated about the public response to Her death. It's the simplest of equations. She loved Her country and Her country loved Her.

For that, for the life of HM Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, we give our thanks and praise.

圣诞节前美国总统发表全国广播讲话(2002)

Christmas greetings:Radio Address by the President to the Nation December 21, 2002

THE PRESIDENT:

Good morning. As families across the nation gather to celebrate Christmas, Laura and I want to extend our best wishes for the holidays.

We hope that this Christmas will be a time of happiness in your home, and a time of peace in the world. In this season, we celebrate with our families and deeply miss love ones who are no longer with us. Thousands of families in our nation are still grieving over the terrible losses that came to them last year on September the 11th. We have not forgotten their loss and we continue to pray for their comfort.

The Christmas season brings a deeper concern for fellow citizens in need. Our country is prosperous, yet we must also remember there are pockets of despair in America. Some men and women are facing the struggles of illness and old age with no one to help them or pray with them. Other Americans fight against terrible addictions. Some young men have no family but a gang. Some teenage moms are abandoned and alone. And some children wonder if anybody loves them.

We all share a responsibility to help, both through our government and through individual acts of compassion. In this season of giving, I hope all Americans will look for opportunities to donate and volunteer where the need is greatest. By reaching out to a neighbor in need, we make our country a more just and generous place.

Our entire nation is also thinking at this time of year of the men and women in the military, many of whom will spend Christmas at posts and bases far from home. They stand between Americans and grave danger. They serve in the cause of peace and freedom. They wear the uniform proudly, and we are so proud of them.

I have met with these idealistic young men and women across America and around the world. I know the sacrifices they make. And in every place they serve, they can know that they have the love of their families and the gratitude of their nation.

At this time of year, we appreciate all the blessings that fill our lives, especially the great blessing that came on a holy night in Bethlehem. The Christmas story speaks to every generation. It is the story of a quiet birth in a little town on the margins of an indifferent empire. Yet that single event set the direction of history and still changes millions of lives.

For over two millennia, Christmas has carried the message that God is with us, and because he is with us we can always live in hope. The world we live in is very different from the world of ancient Bethlehem. Our need for that hope is still unchanged. In all the challenges and dangers of our day, we still seek the promise of peace on Earth.

Thank you for listening and merry Christmas

英国首相布莱尔2003年新年贺词

Tony Blair's New Year address to the Falkland Islands December 20， 2002

New Year is traditionally a time spent in our communities with families and friends. It's a time for celebration. And a time for reflection. My own thoughts and best wishes are with you and with our armed forces who - away from their own families at this special time of year - do so much for us around the world, to defend our rights and promote peace, security, and justice. I was delighted to learn that you hold the British forces in the Falklands in such high regard that you honoured them with the Freedom of the Falkland Islands during this, the 20th anniversary year of the conflict.

This year in particular has provided an opportunity for remembrance of all who lost their lives in the conflict. The commemoration events have touched many on the Islands and beyond, culminating in the Duke of York's recent visit and his personal gesture of reconciliation in laying wreaths at both the British and Argentine cemeteries. The ground was of course prepared beforehand in a profound gesture of reconciliation by your Government earlier in the year in their approval of plans for a memorial to the Argentine war dead at Darwin.

Events such as these, and the personal pilgrimage by members of the South Atlantic Medal Association in November, have also highlighted the close bonds between those who fought in the conflict and those who endured it.

The Falkland Islands have a bright future. This year the international community has seen that the Falklands is a prosperous, vibrant and self-confident community. Your new Governor has spoken of an entrepreneurial spirit in the Islands - of new opportunities, and of young people eager to return after completing their education in the United Kingdom. You recognise the importance of economic diversification.

The Islands Plan provides an admirable strategy for the continued development of a sustainable economy, protection of the environment, and improvements to your quality of life. You have achieved so much in recent years and I am sure that your prudent management of affairs will continue to provide a secure platform for future generations.

The United Kingdom's relations with Argentina are good and we continue to work to improve them. I therefore hope that practical cooperation and mutual understanding between the Falklands and Argentina can be further developed where this is in the interests of the Islands and in accordance with the wishes of the people.

But I recognise that the partnership between the Falkland Islands and the United Kingdom is vital to your continued prosperity and security and that your confidence in dealing with your neighbours will be enhanced in the secure knowledge of the guarantees I have given of my Government's commitment to your self-determination and sovereignty.

Let me finish by wishing you and your families a peaceful and happy New Year.

　

美国总统布什2003年新年贺词

President Bush Issues New Year's Day Proclamation December 31, 2002

President Bush: The past year has been a time of achievement, progress, and renewed hope for the American people. As our citizens continue to demonstrate a spirit of resolve and unity, we are building a culture of service, citizenship, and responsibility that strengthens our country and offers hope to those in need. To counter new threats, we are enhancing security at home, and we are part of the global coalition against terrorism that has made significant progress in opposing the forces of tyranny and oppression.

We will continue our efforts to secure America, win the war on terrorism, focus on education, promote compassion, create new jobs, and ensure the economic security of all our citizens. As we move forward into the New Year, I encourage all Americans to give thanks to the Almighty for His many blessings, and to join with me in reaffirming our commitment to helping people around the world achieve peace and freedom.

At the dawn of this New Year, America is a land of justice, liberty, and tolerance. We will work together to build on our successes and embrace the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead.

Laura joins me in sending our best wishes for a Happy New Year. May God bless you, and may God continue to bless the United States.

GEORGE W. BUSH

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