Rss & SiteMap

网院部落 http://www.cmrclub.com

中国人民大学网络教育学院
共51 条记录, 每页显示 15 条, 页签: [1] [2][3][4]
[浏览完整版]

标题:[转帖]3级英语——综合(及时添加)

1楼
情比芊芊 发表于:2005/1/27 8:47:11

第三章 答题技巧 第二节 词语用法及语法结构 词汇和语法结构部分共设30个单句,每句1分,共30分。题目中50%为词和短语的用法,50%为语法结构。   词汇和语法结构部分的考试目的是测试考生运用词汇,短语及语法结构的能力。考试范围包括全日制文理科本科教学大纲中词汇表及语法结构表一至三级的主要内容。下面我对这两部分分别进行讲解。   词汇部分的考试重点:名词,代词,介词,连词,形容词和副词,动词。   名词的考试重点是:名词的含义、名词和动词的搭配、名词的所有格。   一、 名词的含义:   1、The _____ of the play is so great that many people want to see it.   A. attention   B. attraction   C. attempt   D. attack   (答案为B。四个名词的意思分别attraction :吸引。 attention:注意力。attempt:努力。attack:进攻,袭击。是本句的意思是:“这个剧目有如此大的吸引力,以至于许多人都想看。”因此只有B最符合题意。)(2001年21题)   2、He has been teaching for 2years, but being a teacher is not his _____.   A. chance   B. character   C. attitude   D. choice   (答案为D。四个 名词的意思分别是:choice :选择。chance:机会。character:性特点。attitude :态度。本句的意思是“他已经教书两年了,但是当老师并不是他的选择。”只有D最符合题意。)(2001年25题)   二、 名词和动词的搭配:   1、Your sister has made an _____ for you to see the dentist at 3 this afternoon..   A. appointment   B. interview   C. opportunity   D. assignment   (答案为A。make (fix) an appointment : 预约, 约会。固定搭配。)(2002年24题)   2、The committee is expected to _____ a decision this evening.   A. reach   B. arrive   C. bring   D. take   (答案为A。 习惯用这样的搭配:come to a decision, arrive at a decision, reach a decision 做出决定。)(2002年25题)   三、名词的所有格:   1、Sorry, I don’t know he is a friend of _____.   A. your brother   B. your brothers   C. your brother’s friend   D. your brother’s   (答案为D。a (an) +名词+of+名词性所有格 a friend my mine, a friend of ours, a friend of my mother’s。)(2001年56题)   2、Don’t you know he is an old friend of _____?   A .my brother   B. my brothers   C. my brother’s   D. my brother’s friend   (答案为C。)(1999年60题)  一、名词性与形容词性物主代词的区别   二、代词的替代   三、不定代词的用法   代词的用法主要以挑错题形式进行测试,因此这里就不进行举例了。后面挑错题的答题技巧中会有详细说明和例句。  考试重点:   常用的形容词和副词的含义;形容词、副词和名词遇在一起时的位置;such…that和so…that 的用法。   一、常用的形容词的含义   1、This is a very _____ situation and we don’t know how to face it yet.   A comprehensive   B. compound   C. complicated   D. competent   (答案为 C。四个形容词的意思分别为complicated:复杂的。comprehensive :综合的,理解的。compound:混合的,复合的。competent :能力强的。本句的意思是“这是一个非常复杂的形势,我们还不知道如何面对。”因此只有C最符合题意。)(2001年26题)   2、One car went too fast and _____ missed hitting another car.   A. completely   B. greatly   C. narrowly   D. little   (答案为C。四个副词的意思分别是:completely:完全地。greatly:非常,很:narrowly :以毫厘之差 little:小的,少的。因此只有C最符合题意。)(1998年35题)   二、形容词、副词和名词遇在一起时的位置   例:My next door neighbor Johnson seems to have _____ opinion on the show last night.   A.rather the strong   B. rather strong   C. a rather strong   D. the rather strong   (答案为C。)(2000年60题)   三、such…that和 so …that 的用法   1、They are _____ students that they all performed well in the nationwide examinations.   A. so diligent   B. such diligent   C. so much diligent   D. such very diligent   (答案为B。such 修饰名词)(2002年43题)   2、He was _____ an honest man that everybody trusted him.   A. so   B. as   C. such   D. very   (答案为C。)   3、He was _____ fat that he couldn’t get through the door.   A. so   B. how   C. such   D. much   (答案为A。)(how 修饰形容词fat。)

考试重点:引导各种从句的常用连词的基本含义和用法、关系代词和关系副词以及介词+关系代词的用法、注意根据句子之间的逻辑关系以及从句的类型选择连词。   一、引导各种从句的常用连词的基本含义和用法   1、Written applications should be sent to us in case _____ some problems with the electric version.   A. there will be   B. there is   C. there be   D. there was   (答案为C。in case 引导的从句要用虚拟语气, should可以省略。)(2002年59题)   2、Young _____ he is, he knows what is the right thing to do.   A. that   B. as   C. although   D. however   (答案为B。as 引导让步状语从句, 句子到装, 表语提前。)(2000年44题)   二、关系代词和关系副词以及介词+关系代词的用法:   1、I will never forget the ten years _____ we both spent in the little village.   A. when   B. during which   C. which   D. in which   (答案为C。 which关系代词, 在定语从句中做动词spend的宾语。)(2002年42题)   2、Before joining the army, he spent a lot of time in the village _____ he belonged.   A. to which   B. which   C. to where   D. which   (答案为A。因为句中的短语应当是belong to ,关系代词which 做介词to的宾语)(2001年31题)。   三、注意根据句子之间的逻辑关系以及从句的类型选择连词:   1、It is because she is very devoted to her students _____ she is respected by them.   A. that   B. which   C. what   D. who   (答案为A。 因为是强调句型, 因此用that)(2001年33题)   2、_____ was unimportant.   A. Whether he enjoyed our dinner or not   B. No matter how he enjoyed our dinner   C. If he enjoyed our dinner   D. what he enjoyed our dinner   (答案为A。 主语从句。)(2000年40题) 考试重点:特殊动词的含义和用法、短语动词。   一、特殊动词的含义和用法   1、Words _____ meaning, as we all know.   A. convince   B. convey   C. contribute   D. Conquer   (答案为B。四个动词的意思分别是convey:表达,传递。本句的意思是“众所周知,语言表达思想。”只有B最合适。convince:使确信;contribute: 做贡献;conquer:征服。)(2001年36题)   2、Nobody but a young woman _____ the airplane crash.   A. endured   B. rejected   C. survived   D. lived   (答案为C。survive:从…中逃生,经历…后继续存在,是及物动词。Only two people survived the fire. 这场大火中只有两个人幸免于死。The crops survived the drought.经过这次旱灾,庄稼还是活了下来。本句的意思是:“此飞机失事中,只有一个年轻妇女幸免遇难。”只有C的意思是正确的。endure:忍耐,容忍。reject:拒绝。Live:居住,生活。)(2002年36题)   二、短语动词   短语动词的测试在词汇试题中一直占很大比例,平均每年试题中至少有6-9个左右。这类题目主要有两种。一种是同一个动词与不同的小品词构成的短语,另一种是不同动词与同一个小品词构成的短语。   1、After saying that, he _____ the door quickly.   A. made up   B. make for   C. made out   D. made   (答案为B。make for:(尤指匆匆地)走向, 朝…前进。It’s late; we’d better make for home.时间不早了,我们最好赶快家。因此B 最符合题意。make up: 弥补,补偿。make up a loss 补偿损失;make up the money (to the right amount)补足钱款。make out:理解, 弄清楚。I can never make out what he wants.我怎么也弄不懂他要什么。)(2001年59题)   2、The young man promised to his parents, “I would never _____ again.”   A. let you down   B. let you out   C. let you in   D. let you by   (答案为A。let down: 使某人失望。本句的意思是:这个年轻人向他的父母承诺:我决不会使你们失望。因此只有A 最符合题意。let out :放走, 释放。Who let the air out of my tyres?谁放了我轮胎的气?let in 允许进入。He let them in by a side door.他让他们从边门进入。let by 没有这个用法。)(2001年60题。)   3、I promised to look _____ the matter as soon as I got there.   A. for   B. in   C. into   D. after   (答案为C。“look into ”的意思是“调查”,本句的意思是“我保证一到那就调查这件事情”。“look for”寻找。Will you help me look for my gloves? 你能帮我寻找我的手套吗?look in: 朝里面看。I looked in my purse and discovered I’d only got a five-pound note.我朝钱包里一看,发现只有一张五英镑的钞票。 look after: 照顾、照看。 He has looked after his elderly parents for many years. 他照料年迈的父母已经多年了。)(2002年23题)   4、William has cut his smoking _____ to five cigarettes a day.   A. down   B. in   C. off   D. out   (答案为A。cut down :削减,减少。We must cut our expenses down somehow.我们得设法减少开支。A最符合题意。cut in:插嘴,打断。Don’t cut in when other people are talking.别人讲话时不要插嘴。cut off:使分离,使隔离。He was cut off from all his friends when he studied abroad. 他在出国留学期间跟所有的朋友中断了联系。cut out:切去,割去。The doctor cut out his tonsils.医生割除了他的扁桃体。)(2002年38题)

固定搭配通常由两个或两个以上的词组成,不能任意拆开,其意义常常不是单词意义的简单组合,而具有新的意义。   1、A great celebration is going to be held _____ the distinguished writer。   A. in spite of   B. in honor of   C. in favor of   D. in the name of   (答案是B。 in spite of 意为“不管,不顾……”,in honor of 意为“为向……表示敬意”,in favor of 意为“赞同……,支持……”,in the name of 意为“以……的名义,代表……”。根据题义,只有B是正确答案)。(2000年48题)   2、_____, we keep records on all the experiments so that we may have enough data.   A. As a whole   B. As a rule   C. On the average   D. By all means   (答案为B。 as a (general ) rule :通常,一般来说。B最符合题意。又如:As a rule, he doesn’t go to the office on Saturdays.星期六他通常不去办公室。as a whole: 作为一个整体,整体来看:The temperature for the country as a whole is relatively high.这个国家的气温总的来说是较高的。on (an 或the) average: 按平均值, 通常 On (the 或an ) average I work ten hours a day. 我平均每天工作10小时。by all means:尽一切办法,务必。By all means, I must visit my sick friend.我一定得去探望我那生病的朋友。)(2002年35题) 

词汇试题的正确选择在很大程度上取决于考生词汇量的大小,以及运用词汇能力的强弱。但是了解一些解题技巧也会对考试有一定的帮助。下面简单介绍几种词汇测试题中常见的应试技巧。   一、利用表示增加与递进关系的词   这样的词包括:and, again, also, too, besides, moreover, furthermore, but, in addition to等。   例:The house is very _____, and furthermore, it’s too far from the town.   A. neat   B. spacious   C. expensive   D. fashionable   (分析四个选项,我们可以看到选项中的所有单词都可以用来修饰句子的主语——房子。句子中间表示递进关系的furthermore在帮助我们判断时非常关键。它后面所跟的是描述房子离城太远,这是房子的缺点。根据逻辑推理,它前面的分句说明的也一定是缺点。因此选项中的A、B、D都不对,因为它们都是在说明房子的优点,故而答案只能是C,若题句中的and furthermore改成but ,那么选项就要改变了)。   二、利用表示比较与对比关系的词。   这样的词包括:but, however, although, in contrast, instead of 等。   例:A lamp is concrete and you can touch it, but its brightness is _____.   A. academic   B. abstract   C. absurd   D. absolute   (句子中表示对比关系的连接词是but,从这一信号词中我们可以推断句子前后两部分所阐述的内容正好是相对的,与concrete 相对的是 abstract,因此B是本题答案。)   三、利用表示因果关系的词。   这样的词包括:because , as a result, thus ,consequently, therefore等。   例:He is a very _____ person because he has done a lot of good things for the local people.   A. respectable   B. respectful   C. respective   D. respecting   (本句后半部分是由because引导的原因状语从句,意思是“他为当地人做了许多好事”,从这一原因中,我们自然能推断出他应该受到别人对他的尊敬。表示“被人尊敬的,值得尊敬的”应当是A。)   四、利用表示让步关系的词。   这类词包括:if ,although ,in spite of ,while ,whereas 等。   例:Although Asian countries are generally more _____ in social customs than Western countries,there have been several notable examples of women leaders in both China and India.   A. consistent   B. comprehensive   C. confidential   D. conservative   (本句although引导的是让步状语从句,因此可以推断主句中的事实与前面所出现的有关亚洲国家的特点正相反。与后半句中所阐述的“中国和印度都有一些著名的妇女领袖”这一事实相反的亚洲国家的特点应当是“在社会习俗方面比西方国家要保守”。因此选项中的D是正确答案。)   五、根据词法常识判断选择:   有些词汇测试题,从词的意义去考虑,填入多个选择项都可以。在这种情况下,如果借肋语法对题目进行分析,往往可以找到正确答案。   例:Experts say walking is one of the best ways for a person to _____ healthy.   A. preserve   B. stay   C. maintain   D. reserve   (从四个选项动词的词义来看,哪个都行。但动词后面直接跟形容词作表语的只有stay,其它三个动词都是及物动词,后面应当接宾语。因此答案是B。)   六、排除法:   在做词汇题时,常会遇到一时难以判断哪一个是正确答案的情况。这时不妨从不符合题义的选项着手,将非正确答案逐一排除,剩下的多半就是正确答案。此方法同样适用阅读理解,语法及完形填空部分的试题,在此不再一一举例。 

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-1-31 18:24:57编辑过]
2楼
情比芊芊 发表于:2005/1/27 8:56:05

第一章 语法重点串讲 第一节 动词的时态 考试重点:一般现在时(if 从句和as soon as 从句);进行时表将来;现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别;完成时瞬间动词以及have (has)been, have(has)gone的区别;过去完成时的时间状语;将来完成时。   一、一般现在式:   1、表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态:常和always, usually, often ,sometimes, every day, every week的等时间状语连用。   例:He goes to work every day. 他每天去上班。   2、表示普遍的真理。由于是众所周知的客观事实,所以一般不用时间状语。   例:The earth is round. 地球是圆的。   3、有些表示心理状态或感情的动词往往用一般现在时。   例:I don’t think you are right.我以为你错了。   4、在时间、条件状语从句中表示将来的动作:常用的连词有as soon as,when,till,if。   (1)They will go home for winter vocation as soon as they ________their exams.   A. have finished   B. finish   C. finished   D. was finishing   (答案:B)(1996年22题)   (2)When the mixture ______, it will give off a powerful force.   A. will heat   B. will be heated   C. is heated   D. has heated   (答案:C)(1992年59题)   二、一般过去时:   1、表示过去的动作或状态:常和过去时间状语连用。just now, last year, when I was 8years old等。   例:You've already missed too many classes this term .You _____ two classes just last week.   A. missed   B. would miss   C. had missed   D. have missed   (答案:A。有具体的时间状语要用过去时。)(1995年59题)   2、used to do sth:过去常常做…   例:I used to take a walk in the morning.   我过去是在早晨散步。(意味着现在不在早晨散步了。)   3、it is high time(that)…句型中,谓语动词用过去时。   例:Don’t you think it is time you _____ smoking?   A. give up   B. gave up   C. would give up   D. should give up   (答案:B)(1999年31题) 

第一章 语法重点串讲 第一节 动词的时态 三、一般将来时   1、will(shall)+原形动词:表示将来的动作或状态。   例:He will come and help you. 他会来帮助你的。   2、be going to +动词原形:表示马上就要发生的事情或打算好要做的事。   例:Are you going to attend the lecture? 你打算去听这个演讲吗?   3、be to +动词原形: 表示安排或计划好了的动作。   例:The Third-Ring Road is to be open to traffic before National Day.   三环路将在国庆节前通车。   4、be about to +动词原形:表示即将发生的动作。   5、例:The lecture is about to begin.讲座即将开始。   6、某些表示开始、终结、往来行动的动词如:go ,come, start, arrive, leave 等的现在进行时可表示将来。   (1)We are leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我们明天动身去北京。   (2)The foreign guests are arriving in Jinan tonight. 外宾今晚到达济南。         四、过去将来时   表示在过去预计将要发生的动作,常用于宾语从句。   例:He wanted to know when the conference would start.   他想知道会议何时开始。         五、现在进行时   1、表示此时此刻(说话时)正在进行的动作。   例:The teacher is talking with his students. 这位老师正在同他的学生交谈。   2、表示现阶段正在进行的动作,但此刻并不一定在进行。   例:I am attending a conference in Beijing. 我正在北京参加一个会议。         六、过去进行时   1、表示在过去某一段时间正在进行的动作。常需用表示过去的时间状语或通过上下文来判断时间。   例:He was doing his homework from seven to nine last night.   昨天晚上七点到九点他正在做作业。   2、when 和while 的用法   (1)I fell and hurt myself while I _____tennis.   A. was playing B. am playing C. play D. played   (答案:A。连接词when 表示时间上的点,其所引导的句子用过去时,while 表示持续的一段时间,其所引导的句子用过去进行时。)(1998年43题)   (2)When you _____ this over with her, you should not see her any more.   A. talk B. talked C. will talk D. talking   (答案为B)(1999年35题)   (3)One of the guards _____ when the general came in, which made him very angry.   A. has slept B. were sleeping C, slept D. was sleeping   (答案为D)(1996年23题)   3、过去进行时表示过去将来的动作。现在进行时可以表示将来的动作,同样,过去进行时也可以表示从过去某时间看将来要发生的动作。   例:He went to see Xiao Li. He was leaving early the next morning.   他去看小李。他第二天一早就要离开此地了。 

3楼
情比芊芊 发表于:2005/1/27 8:56:49

第一章 语法重点串讲 第一节 动词的时态 七、现在完成时   1、表示动作刚刚结束(常和just, now, already, yet等词连用);或表示动作的结果(一般不用时间状语)。   (1)Li Ming has just turned off the light. 李明刚刚把灯关上。(说明现在灯已经关上了)   (2)I have lost my pen. 我把笔丢了。(说明过去某时丢的,现在我还没有找到这支笔。)   2、表示过去某时开始的动作一直延续到现在,并且可能会继续延续下去(常用since引导的短语或从句,或由for 引导的短语连用)。   (1)He has lived here for 30 years. 他住在这儿已经三十年了。(现在还住在这儿)   (2)They’ve known each other since childhood. 他们从小彼此相识。(现在还继续来往)   3、非延续性动词的完成时和it is +时间+since…..(过去时)   英语中有些动词不能延续, 因此不能和表示延续的时间状语连用。   (1)He has _____ the army for ten years and is now an officer.   A. gone into   B. joined in   C. been in   D. come into   (答案:C。用现在完成时表示“继续”的概念时,只能用含有持续意义的动词,不可用瞬间性动词。)(1995年49题)   (2)It is 3 years since I left Shanghai .我离开上海已经三年了。   (如果是非延续动词,这时常用 it is +时间+since 的句型代替,从句用过去时态。)   4、have(has)been to 和have (has)gone to 的区别   have(has )been to:去过某地(表示某人的一种经历),可以和once,twice,often,never,ever 连用。   have(has)gone to:去某地了(表示某人已经离开此地,在去某地的路途上或已在某地,所以一般来说此句型只用于第三人称),此句型不能与上述时间状语连用。   (1)He has gone to America.(意思为他已经去了美国,现在不在此地)   (2)He has been to America twice. 他去过美国两次。   八、过去完成时   1、表示在过去的某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的动作(即过去的过去)。这个过去的某一时间可用by, before等介词或连词引导的短语或一个从句来表示。   例:About the sixth century A.D. when few Europeans could read, the Chinese _____ paper.   A. invented   B. had invented   C. have invented   D. had been invented   (答案:B)(1997年35题)   2、表示从过去某一时间开始,一直持续到另一个过去的时间的动作。   例:The chemistry class _____ for five minutes when we hurried there.   A. had been on   B. was on   C. has been on   D. would be on   (答案:A)(1995年24题)   3、在含有before, after, as soon as 等连词引导的状语从句的复合句中,由于连词本身可以明确表示动作发生的先后顺序,因此,主句和从句都可以用一般过去时表示,而不用过去完成时。   例:I called him as soon as I arrived.我刚一到就给他打电话。   4、过去完成时常用在no sooner …than…, hardly/scarcely/barely…when…,一…就…。句型之中,句子到装。   (1)No sooner had we sat down _____ we found it was time to go.   A. than   B. when   C. as   D. while   (答案为A)(1997年50题)   (2)Scarcely had he opened the door when a gust of wind blew the candle out.   他刚打开门,蜡烛就被一阵风吹灭了。 

第一章 语法重点串讲 第一节 动词的时态 九、将来完成时:表示在将来某一时间以前完成的动作。   1、By the time John gets home, his aunt _____.   A. will have   B. leaves   C. will have left   D. is leaving   (答案:C)(1995年25题)   2、I _____ writing the article by the time you get back.   A. shall finish   B. must have finished   C. have finished   D. shall have finished   (答案:D) (2000年24题)   十、现在完成进行时:表示从过去某时一直延续到现在的一个动作,这个动作一般会继续延续下去,或是到说话时结束, 但是强调到说话时为止一直在做的动作。   例:I _____ on the door for ten minutes now without an answer.   A. was knocking   B. am knocking   C. knocking   D. have been knocking   (答案:D)(1998年49题) 

第一章 语法重点串讲 第二节 被动语态 考试重点:感官动词和使役动词的被动语态;动词短语的被动语态;情态动词的被动语态;用主动表示被动的含义。   一、感官动词及使役动词(如:see,feel,hear,watch,make,bid)在主动语态中用无to不定式做宾补,改为被动语态时要加to。   1、The middle-aged man was seen _____ out of the house on the afternoon of the murder.   A. came   B. come   C. to come   D. have come   (答案为C)(2000年58题)   2、We were made to study harder. 我们被要求努力学习。   二、有些动词后面接一个介词或副词,构成短语。变被动语态时,短语动词做及物动词用。   1、The children are well looked after. 这些孩子得到了很好的照顾。   2、The doctor has been sent for. 已经派人去请大夫了。   三、情态动词的被动语态   构成:情态动词+be+过去分词。   1、The work must be finished before lunch. 这项工作必须在午饭前干完。   2、Nothing can be seen from here. 从这儿什么也看不见。   四、用主动表示被动的含义   常用:need/require +doing sth(=to be done)(此句型主语大多为物)   例:My room is a mess. It needs _____.   A to be tidying up   B. tidying up   C. to tidy up   D. tidied up   (答案为B)(2000年47题) 

4楼
青瓜琼子 发表于:2005/1/27 10:34:59

添加得真及时。。呵呵。

5楼
一米阳光 发表于:2005/1/27 11:05:13
好东西图片点击可在新窗口打开查看图片点击可在新窗口打开查看
6楼
乐天 发表于:2005/1/27 11:18:52

我正在看这些东西,

挺好的。

大家学语法一定要看哦,

挺实用的。

7楼
阳光不锈 发表于:2005/1/27 17:02:38
图片点击可在新窗口打开查看图片点击可在新窗口打开查看图片点击可在新窗口打开查看
8楼
情比芊芊 发表于:2005/1/28 8:24:40
第三节 情态动词 考试重点:情态动词+完成时   情态动词用来表示能力、允许、许诺、可能、劝告、意愿等概念或态度。情态动词无人称变化,在句子中和动词原形一起构成谓语。根据这几年的考试看,着重测验情态动词接完成时的用法。   一、must +现在完成时   表示对已发生的事情的一种肯定的猜测。   1、Mr. Green _____ my letter, otherwise he would have replied before now.   A. must have received   B. must have failed to receive   C. must receive   D. must fail to receive   (答案:B)(1998年44题)   2、I believe he _____ an accident, otherwise he would have arrived on time.   A. would have had   B. could have had   C. should have had   D. must have had   (答案为D)(2001年58题)   二、should (ought to )+完成时   表示应该做的事情而没有做,否定式表示不该做的事情做了。含有对过去的动作的责备、   批评。   1、They have done things they ought _____.   A. not to do   B. not to be done   C. not to have done   D. not having done   (答案为C)(1999年59题)   2、I’m sorry I couldn’t get in touch with him before he left, I _____ him earlier.   A. had a telephone   B. have phoned   C. should have phoned   D. should be phoned   (答案为C)(2000年26题)   三、could +完成时   表示能做的事情而没有做。表示对过去能做而未做的事情感到惋惜,遗憾。   1、He could have joined us, but he didn’t get our invitation in time.   他本来能够参加我们的,但是他没有收到我们的请贴。   2、I could have passed, but I did not study hard enough.   我本来能及格的,但是没有努力学习。 
9楼
情比芊芊 发表于:2005/1/28 8:25:17

第四节 虚拟语气 如果所表示的条件根本不可能实现或实现的可能性很小时,称为虚拟条件句。   考试重点:虚拟语气的基本形式和用法;if的省略形式;含蓄条件句;以wish(that)引导的表示“愿望”的宾语从句;would rather 引导的从句;以as if, as though 引导的从句;以suggest, advise, insist 等词后引导的宾语从句;It is necessary(important)that引导的主语从句;It is time (that)…句型中。   一、虚拟语气的基本形式和用法:   虚拟(条件)语气中,主句与从句中谓语动词的形式可分为下面三类:

1、I would ask George to lend us the money if I _____ him.   A. had known   B. have known   C. knew   D. know   (答案:C。与现在的事实相反,从句用过去时)(1995年38题)   2、Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people _____ the same language?   A. spoke   B. speak   C. had spoken   D. will speak   (答案:A。与现在的事实相反,从句的谓语动词用过去时。)   3、If Bob____ with us, he would have had a good time.   A. would come   B. would have come   C. had come   D. came   (答案为C。与过去的事实相反,从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。)(1995年59题) 

第一章 语法重点串讲 第四节 虚拟语气 二、if的省略形式   在虚拟条件句中, 如谓语包含were , had, should等词, 则可以把这些词放到主语前面,省略if。   1、_____ you were busy, I wouldn't have bothered you with my questions.   A. If I realized   B. Had I realized   C. Did I have realized that   D. As I realized   (答案:B。虚拟条件句有时可以省略if,而将谓语中的过去式were,had,或should等移至主语之前。)(1996年39题)   2、_____, I should ask them some questions.   A. Should they come to us   B. If they come to us   C. Were they come to us   D. Had they come to us   (答案:A。与将来事实相反。)(1997年30题)   三、含蓄条件句   有时一个假设的情况不用条件从句表示,而用其它方式来表示,这样的句子叫含蓄条件句。常用with,without,but for。   1、Without your help, we _____ so much.   A. didn’t achieve   B. would not have achieved   C. will not achieve   D. don’t achieve   (答案:B。这是一句含蓄条件句,条件暗含在介词短语without your help中,因此要用虚拟语气。)(1996年33题)   2、But for the rain, we _____ a nice holiday.   A. should have   B. would have had   C. would have   D. will have had   (答案:B。2003年28题)   四、以wish(that)引导的表示“愿望”的宾语从句   wish后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气,而在虚拟语气中时态的应用类似在非真实条件中从句时态的应用。表示现在或将来的愿望用:主语+wish +从句(主语+过去时);表示一个过去没有实现的愿望用:主语+wish +从句(主语+过去完成时);   1、Peter wishes that he _____ law instead of literature when he was in college.   A. could study   B. studied   C. had studied   D. would study   (答案:C)(2000年53题)   2、I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I _____ there.   A. were   B. would be   C. had been   D. will be   (答案:C)(2001年53题)

10楼
一米阳光 发表于:2005/1/28 8:25:42
图片点击可在新窗口打开查看图片点击可在新窗口打开查看
11楼
情比芊芊 发表于:2005/1/28 8:25:55
第四节 虚拟语气 五、would rather+句子(过去时)   1、I’d _____ you didn’t touch that, if you don’t mind.   A. rather   B. better   C. happier   D. further   (答为案:A)(1998年45题)   2、I am too busy these days. I would rather all of you _____ next month for a dinner.   A. come   B. would come   C. came   D. have come   (答案为C)(2002年46题)   六、以as if,as though引导的从句   在as if,as though引导的从句中,如果谈论的是不可能或不真实的情况时,它们所引用的状语从句要用虚拟语气,动词形式和wish 后面的从中动词形式变化相同。   1、He talks as if he _____ everything in the world.   A. knows   B. knew   C. had known   D. would have known   (答案:B。as if(though)从句中非真实性情况用虚拟语气。本句表示说话人对现在的情况有所怀疑,所以用过去时。)   2、You are talking as if you had seen them   你谈的那么起劲,好像你真的见过似的。(表示想象中的过去的动作)   七、以suggest,advise,insist等词后引导的宾语从句中,从句的谓语动词要用should+动词原形,should可以省略。   类似的动词有:propose,insist,suggest,order,demand,require,request等。   1、The doctor advised that Mr. Malan _____ an operation right away so as to save his life.   A. had   B. would have   C. have   D. was going to have   (答案:C)(1998年28题)   2、His mother insisted that he _____ the coat when going out.   A. put on   B. puts on   C. to put   D. putting on   (答案:A)(1999年58题)
12楼
MOON 发表于:2005/1/28 12:25:25
图片点击可在新窗口打开查看
13楼
高靓 发表于:2005/1/28 14:35:36
图片点击可在新窗口打开查看
14楼
布人衣 发表于:2005/1/28 14:55:08
真的辛苦芊芊版主了
15楼
布人衣 发表于:2005/1/28 14:56:21
版主~~还有没有呀?
共51 条记录, 每页显示 15 条, 页签: [1] [2][3][4]

Copyright ©2002-2007 CmrClub.com
蜀ICP备11002662号-1
Powered By Dvbbs Version 8.2.0
Processed in .53125 s, 5 queries.